Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialDoes using the bispectral index (BIS) during craniotomy affect the quality of recovery?
One of the aims of neuroanesthesia is to provide early postoperative recovery and neurologic examination in patients undergoing supratentorial surgery. Our aim was to investigate the role of using the bispectral index (BIS) in recovery from anesthesia and altering drug administration in patients undergoing craniotomy. Fifty American Society of Anesthesiologists' (ASA) physical status I-II patients undergoing craniotomy were included in the study. ⋯ Times to first spontaneous breathing, eye opening, and extubation (P = 0.035, P = 0.001, and P = 0.0001, respectively) were significantly shorter in the BIS-guided group. Time to an Aldrete score of 9-10 and adequate neurologic assessment were similar between the groups. In conclusion, BIS monitoring by supratentorial craniotomy under general anesthesia reduced the maintenance anesthetic concentration and narcotic drug usage and lowered the recovery times from general anesthesia.
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The use of functional stereotactic neurosurgery is increasing for treatment of patients with movement disorders and other chronic illnesses. The anesthetic considerations include the influence of the anesthetic agents on the microelectrode recordings and stimulation testing of an awake patient. The purpose of this study was to review the anesthetic management and incidences of intraoperative complications during functional neurosurgery in our institution. ⋯ Intraoperative complications that occurred in 16% of the patients included seizures (n = 8), change in neurologic status (n = 5), airway obstruction (n = 2), and hypertension (n = 7). Functional neurosurgery can be performed with minimal anesthesia in many patients. Awareness and vigilance can improve the identification and early treatment of intraoperative complications such as seizures, loss of airway, and changes in the neurologic status.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2006
Possible role of the C-reactive protein and white blood cell count in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
The delayed ischemic neurologic deficit (DIND) is a common and potentially devastating complication in patients who have sustained subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Recent evidence suggests that various constituents of the inflammatory response may be critical in the pathogenesis of this ischemic complication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between the C-reactive protein (CRP)/white blood cell (WBC) count and DIND. ⋯ Overall CRP values were higher with increasing severity of the initial ictus according to the Hunt and Hess Scale and to the outcome according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale from day 3 on. A statistically significant relationship between WBCs and outcome could not be observed. The presented data do not prove that WBCs and CRP values have a direct contribution to the pathogenesis of ischemic complications following SAH, but it supports the assertion that inflammation may present a common pathogenic pathway in the development of such complications.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2006
ReviewAnesthesia for minimally invasive cranial and spinal surgery.
The field of minimally invasive neurosurgery has evolved rapidly in its indications and applications over the last few years. New, less invasive techniques with low morbidity and virtually no mortality are replacing conventional neurosurgical procedures. ⋯ This review calls attention to the anesthetic issues in various minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures for cranial and spinal indications. Among the procedures specifically discussed are endoscopic third ventriculostomy, endoscopic transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, endoscopic strip craniectomy, deep brain stimulation, video-assisted thorascopic surgery, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, cervical discectomy and foraminectomy, and laparoscopically assisted lumbar spine surgery.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2006
Clinical features of fever associated with poor outcome in severe pediatric traumatic brain injury.
We describe the incidence and etiology of fever and the relationship between fever characteristics and outcome in children with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). We conducted a retrospective study of children <14 years and with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of <9 admitted to a level I pediatric trauma center intensive care unit (PICU) between 1998 and 2003. We examined whether fever characteristics were associated with poor outcome (hospital discharge GCS score <13 and discharge disposition of either death or discharge to a skilled nursing facility). ⋯ Patients with any fever in the PICU had an increased HLOS (0.9 days; P < 0.001). Our data suggest that in severe pediatric TBI, both fever and infection were common, and both were associated with longer LOS. Patients with higher fever burden had poor hospital discharge GCS score.