Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2010
Pressure inside the neuroendoscope: correlation with epidural intracranial pressure during neuroendoscopic procedures.
During neuroendoscopic procedures, pressure inside the neuroendoscope (PIN) monitored through the irrigation channel correlates with the occurrence of postoperative complications. Our aim was to analyze the reliability of PIN measurement as a surrogate for intracranial pressure (ICP) by comparing PIN with simultaneously epidural ICP measurement as the standard. ⋯ PIN measurement seems useful for evaluating ICP changes related to neuroendoscopic procedures and seems to be more consistent than epidural ICP at high pressures.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2010
Cerebral pial vascular changes under propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia during global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rabbits.
Propofol and sevoflurane are commonly used anesthetics for neurosurgery. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of propofol with sevoflurane on cerebral pial arteriolar and venular diameters during global brain ischemia and reperfusion. ⋯ Propofol and sevoflurane acted differently on pial vessels during reperfusion after ischemic insult. Pial arterioles and venules did not dilate immediately after reperfusion, and subsequently constricted throughout the reperfusion period in propofol-anesthetized rabbits. In contrast, pial arterioles and venules dilated temporarily and returned to baseline in sevoflurane-anesthetized rabbits.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2010
Historical Article"Scalp block" during craniotomy: a classic technique revisited.
Local anesthesia of the nerves of the scalp is referred to as "scalp block." This technique was originally introduced more than a century ago, but has undergone a modern rebirth in intraoperative and postoperative anesthetic management. Here, we review the use of "scalp block" during craniotomy with its anatomic basis, historical evolution, current technique, potential advantages, and pitfalls. We also address its current and potential future applications.
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Pain after craniotomy may be underdiagnosed, despite the fact that it can increase postoperative complications for example arterial hypertension and postoperative hemorrhage. This study investigates the incidence and intensity of pain after craniotomy and characterizes the influencing parameters. During a 1-year period 256 patients undergoing elective craniotomy were prospectively included in the study. Intensity of pain was evaluated 1, 4, and 24 hours after extubation using a verbal numerical rating scale (NRS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (maximal pain). Routine perioperative pain management was not influenced by the investigators. Parameters including patient-related factors, drug administration, and surgical factors were correlated with incidence and intensity of postcraniotomy pain. ⋯ logistic regression and chi using SPSS program (Windows, version 12.0). During the first 24 hours 87% of the patients experienced pain (NRS 1 to 3: 32%, NRS 4 to 7: 44%, NRS 8 to 10: 11%). For postoperative analgesia, the opioid piritramide (a mu-receptor agonist) was administered to 70% and nonopiod analgesics to 73% of the patients. The probability of experiencing postcraniotomy pain was reduced by 3% for each year of life. Maintenance of anesthesia with sevoflurane increased the probability of suffering from postcraniotomy pain by 147% and the absence of corticosteroids by 119%. Other investigated parameters did not influence pain after craniotomy. This study shows that pain is experienced by the majority of patients after craniotomy, despite conventional pain management, emphasizing the necessity for improved and individualized pain management in this special group of patients.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jul 2010
Letter Case ReportsUnusually difficult nasogastric tube insertion.