Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudySedation for Electroencephalography With Dexmedetomidine or Chloral Hydrate: A Comparative Study on the Qualitative and Quantitative Electroencephalogram Pattern.
Sedation for electroencephalography in uncooperative patients is a controversial issue because majority of sedatives, hypnotics, and general anesthetics interfere with the brain's electrical activity. Chloral hydrate (CH) is typically used for this sedation, and dexmedetomidine (DEX) was recently tested because preliminary data suggest that this drug does not affect the electroencephalogram (EEG). The aim of the present study was to compare the EEG pattern during DEX or CH sedation to test the hypothesis that both drugs exert similar effects on the EEG. ⋯ The differences of DEX and CH in EEG power did not change the EEG qualitative interpretation, which was similar with the 2 drugs. Other studies comparing natural sleep and sleep induced by these drugs are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of the observed EEG quantitative differences.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the I-gel Laryngeal Mask Airway With the LMA-Supreme for Airway Management in Patients Undergoing Elective Lumbar Vertebral Surgery.
The single-use supreme-laryngeal mask airway (LMA) [corrected] has been reported to be suitable for airway management in the prone position. However, there are a limited number of cases using the I-gel in the prone position. In this study, we compared the clinical use of the 2 devices in adult patients undergoing elective lumbar vertebral surgery in the prone position. ⋯ The I-gel laryngeal mask airway can also be used safely in airway management of patients undergoing lumbar surgery in the prone position as well as the LMA [corrected].
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA Comparison of Equivolume, Equiosmolar Solutions of Hypertonic Saline and Mannitol for Brain Relaxation in Patients Undergoing Elective Intracranial Tumor Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Hyperosmolar solutions have been used in neurosurgery to modify brain bulk and prevent neurological deterioration. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of equivolume, equiosmolar solutions of mannitol and hypertonic saline (HTS) on brain relaxation and postoperative complications in patients undergoing elective intracranial tumor surgery. ⋯ Our results suggest that HTS provides better brain relaxation than mannitol during elective intracranial tumor surgery.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparative Study Between Isoflurane, Sevoflurane, and Desflurane in Neurosurgical Pediatric Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Supratentorial Tumor Resection.
The aim of this prospective, comparative, randomized study was to compare the inhalational anesthetics isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane in pediatric patients undergoing craniotomy for excision of supratentorial tumors. We assessed early postoperative recovery outcome, intraoperative hemodynamics, and degree of brain swelling, as well as postoperative vomiting and shivering. ⋯ Desflurane and sevoflurane can be used to facilitate early emergence from anesthesia in neurosurgical pediatric patients. Emergence times are shorter with desflurane or sevoflurane than with isoflurane. The patients who received desflurane or sevoflurane have similar intraoperative and postoperative incidence of adverse effects compared with those who received isoflurane. Thus, desflurane and sevoflurane can be considered as suitable for emergence in pediatric neurosurgical anesthesia.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialThe Efficacy of P6 Acupressure With Sea-Band in Reducing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy: A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a multifactorial problem after general anesthesia. Despite antiemetic prophylaxis and improved anesthetic techniques, PONV still occurs frequently after craniotomies. P6 stimulation is described as an alternative method for preventing PONV. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether P6 acupressure with Sea-Band could reduce postoperative nausea after elective craniotomy. Secondary aims were to investigate whether the frequency of vomiting and the need for antiemetics could be reduced. ⋯ Unilateral P6 acupressure with Sea-Band applied at the end of surgery together with prophylactic ondansetron did not significantly reduce PONV or the need for rescue antiemetics in patients undergoing craniotomy. Our study confirmed that PONV is a common issue after craniotomy, especially after infratentorial surgery.