Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2020
Continuous Near-infrared Spectroscopy Monitoring in Adult Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review.
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may provide a noninvasive way to monitor cerebral oxygenation in patients with traumatic brain injury, therein allowing for timely intervention aimed at reversing regional brain tissue hypoxia. We conducted a systematic review of NIRS-based oximetry measurements and their association with (A) patient functional outcome (B) other neurophysiological parameters. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, BIOSIS, GlobalHealth and Cochrane Databases from inception to December 2018 and relevant conference proceedings published over the last 5 years. ⋯ Notwithstanding significant gaps in the currently available literature, our analysis suggests a link between NIRS-detected cerebral hypoxia during the acute phase of traumatic brain injury and poor functional outcome. NIRS measurements appear to reflect changes in intracranial pressure, invasively monitored brain tissue oxygen tension and various cerebrovascular reactivity indices although low quality contradicting data exist. More importantly, our review highlights the need for more prospective work before routine integration of NIRS-based techniques into multimodality monitoring regimen.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2020
Observational StudyEffective Cerebral Perfusion Pressure: Does the Estimation Method Make a Difference?
The effective cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPe), zero-flow pressure (ZFP), and resistance area product (RAP) are important determinants of cerebral blood flow. ZFP and RAP are usually estimated by linear regression analysis of pressure-velocity relationships of the middle cerebral artery. The aim of this study was to validate 4 other estimation methods against the standard linear regression method. ⋯ CPPe, ZFP, and RAP measurements based on 2 alternative calculation methods are comparable to the linear regression reference method.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2020
Effect of Daytime Versus Night-time on Outcome in Patients Undergoing Emergent Neurosurgical Procedures.
Timing of neurosurgical procedures is controversial. Challenges identified with night-time surgeries include physician fatigue and sleep deprivation, and fewer staff and resources compared with daytime surgery. These might contribute to medical errors and complications, and, hence, worse patient outcomes. ⋯ This study found no difference in the rate of unfavorable neurological outcome in patients undergoing emergent neurosurgical procedures during the daytime and night-time. However, our findings cannot exclude the possibility of an association between timing of surgery and outcome given its limitations, including small sample size and omission of potentially confounding variables. Further well-designed prospective trials are warranted to confirm our findings.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2020
Comparative Study Observational StudyComparison of 2 Automated Pupillometry Devices in Critically Ill Patients.
Automated pupillometry may help detect early cerebral disturbances in critically ill patients. It remains unclear whether different automated pupillometry devices can detect pupillary abnormalities with similar accuracy. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of 2 commercially available automated pupillometry devices-Neurolight Algiscan (NL) and NPi-200 (NP) versus standard pupillary light reflex (PLR) examination in an unselected cohort of critically ill patients. ⋯ Although there was a significant correlation between NL and NP values as well as with clinical examination of the PLR, the 2 devices were not always interchangeable, especially for the evaluation of pupillary latency.