Gastroenterology nursing : the official journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Endoscopic procedure with a modified Reiki intervention: a pilot study.
This pilot study examined the use of Reiki prior to colonoscopy to reduce anxiety and minimize intraprocedure medications compared with usual care. A prospective, nonblinded, partially randomized patient preference design was employed using 21 subjects undergoing colonoscopy for the first time. Symptoms of anxiety and pain were assessed using a Likert-type scale. ⋯ There were no between-group differences on intraprocedure medication use or postprocedure physiologic measures. Although the experimental group patients had more symptoms, they did not require additional pain medication during the procedure, suggesting that (1) anxious people may benefit from an adjunctive therapy; (2) anxiety and pain are decreased by Reiki therapy for patients undergoing colonoscopy, and (3) additional intraprocedure pain medication may not be needed for colonoscopy patients receiving Reiki therapy. This pilot study provided important insights in preparation for a rigorous, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Supplemental oxygen during moderate sedation and the occurrence of clinically significant desaturation during endoscopic procedures.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is the method of choice for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the esophagus, stomach, and colon. Moderate sedation is commonly used to sedate patients for endoscopic procedures. The objective of this study is to determine whether supplemental oxygen administered prior to and during moderate sedation decreases episodes of clinically significant oxygen desaturation in adults undergoing endoscopic procedures. ⋯ The results of this study support the routine use of supplemental oxygen (2 liters/minute) during endoscopic procedures to prevent desaturation. On the basis of the study data, it is recommended that patients undergoing endoscopy with moderate sedation, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study, receive supplemental oxygen (2 L/min). Routine incorporation of this recommendation in hospital policies will ensure that patients routinely receive this preventive measure: supplemental oxygen during moderate sedation and the occurrence of clinically significant desaturation during endoscopic procedures.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Aromatherapy and reducing preprocedural anxiety: A controlled prospective study.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of aromatherapy to reduce anxiety prior to a scheduled colonoscopy or esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A controlled, prospective study was done on a convenience sample of 118 patients. The "state" component of the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to evaluate patients' anxiety levels pre- and postaromatherapy. ⋯ There was no statistical difference in state anxiety levels between pre- and postlavender inhalation in the experimental group (t[120] = .73, p = .47). Although this study did not show aromatherapy to be effective based on statistical analysis, patients did generally report the lavender scent to be pleasant. Lavender is an inexpensive and popular technique for relaxation that can be offered to patients as an opportunity to promote preprocedural stress reduction in a hospital setting.