European journal of cancer : official journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)
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For endocrine therapy of hormone-sensitive advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women, the third-generation aromatase inhibitors, letrozole, anastrozole, and exemestane, are effective both as alternatives to tamoxifen in first-line treatment and following first-line tamoxifen failure. These three agents are currently being evaluated as adjuvant therapy of early breast cancer, again relative to the standard, tamoxifen. Three treatment strategies are under investigation: replacement of tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy for 5 years (early adjuvant therapy); sequencing of tamoxifen before or after an aromatase inhibitor during the first 5 years (early sequential adjuvant therapy); or following 5 years of tamoxifen (extended adjuvant therapy). ⋯ Compared with placebo, letrozole resulted in a significant improvement in disease-free survival that was irrespective of whether patients had lymph node-positive or -negative tumours. Results of these four trials emphasise the important role of aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant setting, yet the optimal approach still needs to be defined. A number of trials further evaluating the three adjuvant treatment strategies are ongoing.
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The present study evaluated the outcome of salvage treatment for women with local or local-regional recurrence after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation for mammographically detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; intraductal carcinoma) of the breast. The study cohort consisted of 90 women with local only first failure (n=85) or local-regional only first failure (n=5). The histology at the time of recurrence was invasive carcinoma for 53 patients (59%), non-invasive carcinoma for 34 patients (38%), angiosarcoma for one patient (1%), and unknown for two patients (2%). ⋯ Adverse prognostic factors for the development of subsequent distant metastases after salvage treatment were invasive histology of the local recurrence and pathologically positive axillary lymph nodes. These results demonstrate that local and local-regional recurrences can be salvaged with high rates of survival and freedom from distant metastases. Close follow-up after initial breast conservation treatment with radiation is warranted for the early detection of potentially salvageable local and local-regional recurrences.