Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Effect of dihydroergotamine on perpheral circulation during epidural anaesthesia in man.
The effect of intravenous administration of dihydroergotamine (DHE) on regional blood flow in the forearm and calf after pharmacological nerve blockade of the lower body induced by epidural anaesthesia has been studied in 13 subjects. After anaesthesia, DHE induced a significant increase in blood flow in the forearm with intact innervation and a significant decrease in blood flow in the nerve-blocked calf. ⋯ In the intact forearm, local vascular resistance decreased. The results indicate that DHE exerts a complex effect on resistance vessels in addition to its well-known effect on the capacitance vessels.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Comparative StudyCardiorespiratory function during thoracic anaesthesia: a comparison of two-lung ventilation and one-lung ventilation with and without PEEP5.
Previous studies have shown that, in patients undergoing thoracic surgery, a relatively high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP of 10 cmH2O = PEEP10) has no beneficial effect on oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV). In the present investigation, cardiorespiratory function was examined in 11 patients intubated endobronchially and undergoing thoracotomy. Comparison was made between two-lung ventilation (TLV) and OLV and between zero end-expiratory pressure and PEEP5 during OLV. ⋯ The application of PEEP5 during OLV produced no significant changes in these parameters. The findings in individual patients demonstrated the relative importance of cardiac output in determining oxygen delivery during OLV. A significant negative correlation was found between inspiratory airway pressure and cardiac index during OLV.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
The influence of arterial carbon dioxide tension on the cerebrovascular response to arterial hypoxia and to haemodilution.
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements and blood gas analyses were performed on anaesthetized and artifically ventilated dogs during arterial hypoxia or haemodilution in different ranges of arterial carbon dioxide tension. Arterial hypoxia as well as haemodilution produced a flow increase in all ranges of ventilation. ⋯ On the assumption that the cerebrovenous oxygen tension reflects the oxygen tension of the brain tissue, it is suggested that the arterial carbon dioxide tension influences the ability of the brain tissue to maintain the aerobic metabolism during reduced tissue oxygen tension. This means that tissue hypoxia, in the sense of utilisation of anaerobic metabolism, occurs at a tissue oxygen tension which is lower the lower the arterial carbon dioxide tension is.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Serum cholinesterase activity in burned patients. I: biochemical findings.
The purpose of the study was to determine the magnitude and the aetiology of alterations in serum cholinesterase activity (pseudocholinesterase) in burned patients. Sixty burned patients with an estimated area of burn between 3 and 72% of body surface were investigated. Serum cholinesterase activity, serum albumin concentration and serum bilirubin were measured at various time intervals. ⋯ Minimum levels were often reached during the first 24 h, after which time the concentration rose to reach fairly constant but decreased levels after 4 to 5 days. Apart from this initial phase, the changes in serum albumin concentration were roughly proportional to the changes in serum cholinesterase activity. The possible reasons for these findings are discussed.