Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
The effect of the short-acting barbiturate enibomal (Narcodorm) on systolic time intervals.
The systolic time intervals were studied in 16 surgical patients without heart disease between 29 and 75 years of age by a non-invasive technique before and after an induction dose of enibomal (Narcodorm). The pre-injection period/left ventricular ejection time-ratio (PEP/LVET-ratio) increased between 8 and 60% and (1/PEP-2) decreased between 3 and 50%, indicating a reduction of myocardial contractility under the influence of enibomal. Factors responsible for circulatory depression during barbiturate anaesthesia are discussed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Case ReportsBrain damage following collapse of a polyvinyl tube: elasticity and permeability of the cuff.
A 13-year-old boy undergoing tympanoplasty lasting 3 1/2 hours developed serious airway obstruction at the end of surgery leading to permanent brain damage. It appeared that the no. 7 Portex "blue line" endotracheal tube had collapsed under the cuff. This was concluded because deflation of the cuff had promptly relieved the obstruction of the airway. ⋯ During anaesthesia with 66% nitrous oxide, this gas together with carbon dioxide were found to diffuse into the cuff at steady rates of 3.69 vol % and 0.36 vol % per hour, respectively. Corresponding increases in intracuff volumes were found. It is advised that disposable tubes should be carefully inspected before use and that endotracheal cuffs should be deflated periodically during anaesthesia to avoid excessive rise in cuff pressure.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
Epidural anaesthesia as an alternative to caesarean section in the treatment of prolonged, exhaustive labour.
Epidural anaesthesia was given to nine parturients who were considered candidates for delivery by caesarena section due to prolonged exhaustive labour. Upon pain relief and oxytocin infucion guided by cardiotocography, vaginal delivery took place. Delivery was spontaneous in seven cases, two were instrumentally delivered. It is concluded that an efficient epidural block tends to restore uterine contractility by reducing the inhibitory influences exerted by adrenergic mechanisms and unfavourable changes in the acid-base balance.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1975
The influence of arterial carbon dioxide tension on the cerebrovascular response to arterial hypoxia and to haemodilution.
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements and blood gas analyses were performed on anaesthetized and artifically ventilated dogs during arterial hypoxia or haemodilution in different ranges of arterial carbon dioxide tension. Arterial hypoxia as well as haemodilution produced a flow increase in all ranges of ventilation. ⋯ On the assumption that the cerebrovenous oxygen tension reflects the oxygen tension of the brain tissue, it is suggested that the arterial carbon dioxide tension influences the ability of the brain tissue to maintain the aerobic metabolism during reduced tissue oxygen tension. This means that tissue hypoxia, in the sense of utilisation of anaerobic metabolism, occurs at a tissue oxygen tension which is lower the lower the arterial carbon dioxide tension is.