Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1983
Effect of age on the establishment of muscle paralysis induced in anaesthetized adult subjects by ORG NC 45.
The establishment of muscle paralysis produced by a single dose of 70 micrograms . kg-1 of ORG NC 45 was studied in 30 healthy anaesthetized patients, aged 15-85 years, by recording adductor pollicis isometric mechanical activity-twitch height (TH). Significant correlations were observed between age and the latency of ORG NC 45 action, defined as the reduction of TH to 95% of its initial value (r:0.315, P less than 0.05) and between age and the onset time, defined as the time elapsing between ORG NC 45 administration and maximum TH depression observed (r:0.454, P less than 0.005). Correlation between age and maximum TH depression was not significant. These results show that if the maximum TH depression observed after a standard dose of ORG NC 45 is not altered by the age of the patient, the establishment of the paralysis is delayed by ageing.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1983
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPerivascular axillary block II: influence of injected volume of local anaesthetic on neural blockade.
Perivascular axillary blockade was performed on 150 patients with the aid of a catheter technique. Blockade failure due to injection outside the neurovascular sheath was found in 5.7% of the subject material. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups. ⋯ Sensory and motor blockade was tested 30 min after each injection. The following results were obtained: 1) Apart from the axillary, musculocutaneous and radial nerves, a high frequency of analgesia was found in all cutaneous areas (over 85%). 2) In the axillary area, improvements were found with increasing volume. 3) Analgesia in the musculocutaneous area occurred in 52% of the patients in group 1 (20 ml) and improved to 75% in group 2 (40 ml). However, no difference was found between group 2 and group 3 (80 ml). 4) Volume had no influence on analgesia in the radial area. 5) Motor blockade was intensified with decreasing volume, i.e. with an increase of concentration of local anaesthetic solution.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1983
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLidocaine given intravenously as a suppressant of cough and laryngospasm in connection with extubation after tonsillectomy.
The preventive effect of lidocaine against coughing in the recovery period after general anaesthesia was observed. The study was carried out as a double-blind sequential trial. At the same time the incidence of laryngospasm was registered. ⋯ Nineteen patients for tonsillectomy, all of them over the age of 15, randomly received a 2% solution of lidocaine 2 mg/kg body weight or placebo (saline) 2 min prior to expected extubation. We found that lidocaine in this dose given prophylactically just before extubation was able to inhibit and prevent coughing in the recovery period after general anaesthesia. None of the patients included in this study got laryngospasm, and none of the patients developed serious side-effects.