Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPrevention of peroperative hypothermia in abdominal surgery.
It is important to reduce or prevent heat loss during anaesthesia, especially in patients with restricted cardiopulmonary reserves. To test a specially developed esophageal thermal tube (GK-esophageal thermal tube) for this purpose, 33 patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A were given heat transferred to the central core during operation, using the GK-tube with circulating 41.7 degrees C warm water. Group B received no active warming. ⋯ The described method was easy to use and without complications. We recommend this method to prevent peroperative hypothermia in all patients suspected to have limited cardiopulmonary reserves. The possible hazards and how to avoid these are described.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialGlycopyrrolate during ketamine/diazepam anaesthesia. A double-blind comparison with atropine.
In a double-blind study, the effects of atropine and glycopyrrolate (dosage ratio 2:1) following i.m. and i.v. administration were compared with respect to salivation, heart rate, and blood pressure before, during and after i.v. infusion anaesthesia with ketamine and diazepam for alloplastic hip or knee surgery in 30 patients above the age of 50 years. Given with the premedicant, the two drugs were equally effective in reducing salivation. ⋯ A second dose of the test drug was given with neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Again, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to salivation, blood pressure, heart rate, nausea and/or vomiting, unpleasant dreams and arousal time.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1986
Case ReportsA fatal case of malignant hyperthermia following isoflurane anaesthesia.
To date, only two cases of malignant hyperthermia following isoflurane anaesthesia have been reported, neither of which were fatal. This case describes a very malignant form of hyperthermia after isoflurane, in which the laboratory values were grossly abnormal, and with multi-organ failure and death finally supervening.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1986
Gas exchange and lung morphology after surfactant replacement in experimental adult respiratory distress syndrome induced by repeated lung lavage.
Severe respiratory insufficiency was induced in adult guinea pigs by repeated lung lavage. The animals were then ventilated for 75 min with 100% O2, insufflation pressure 28/6-8 cmH2O (2.7/0.6-0.8 kPa), frequency 30/min, and 33% inspiration time. One group of animals (I) was treated with protein-depleted porcine surfactant, prepared by a combination of sucrose-gradient centrifugation, heating to 90 degrees C, and chloroform/methanol extraction. ⋯ The two groups of surfactant-treated animals also had significantly improved alveolar air expansion in histological sections, as reflected by increased alveolar volume density (0.67 +/- 0.05 and 0.62 +/- 0.11 vs 0.45 +/- 0.08 in controls; P less than 0.002). The benefits of surfactant replacement in this experimental model were thus similar to those previously observed in animal models of neonatal surfactant deficiency as well as in babies with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Our data suggest that surfactant replacement might have a therapeutic effect also in clinical adult RDS.