Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1990
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effect of nitrous oxide on EEG spectral power during halothane and isoflurane anaesthesia.
The effect of N2O on EEG during halothane and isoflurane anaesthesia was studied in 24 elective-surgery patients. The total EEG power and various power bands were analysed with fast Fourier transform power spectra. Anaesthesia was induced by mask. ⋯ Alpha- and beta-range EEG power and total power decreased during N2O in both groups. Delta- and theta-range power increased during N2O in the halothane group. The study shows that the effect of nitrous oxide should be taken into consideration when EEG is being studied or monitored during anaesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1990
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialHeat and moisture exchangers and the body temperature: a peroperative study.
The importance of conditioning the inhaled gas for maintaining the body temperature during artificial respiration was investigated. The mean body temperature (MBT) was deduced from readings from five measuring sites, four of which were situated at the skin and the fifth in the rectum. Temperature recordings were made every 15th min. ⋯ Our finding correlated fairly well with a predicted reduction of heat loss of 26.0 kJ/h for the type of HME used. A certain margin of error seemed to be inevitable in measuring body temperatures, and the reason for this is discussed. Our results support the fact that the investigation is adequately designed, and that the heat conserved with an HME is rather low.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1990
The effect of bambuterol on plasma cholinesterase activity and suxamethonium-induced neuromuscular blockade in subjects heterozygous for abnormal plasma cholinesterase.
Bambuterol is a new bronchodilator which is also a reversible inhibitor of plasma cholinesterase. In patients with normal plasma cholinesterase genotype, bambuterol prolongs suxamethonium-induced neuromuscular blockade. In the present study, we investigated the interaction of bambuterol and suxamethonium in nine patients heterozygous for abnormal plasma cholinesterase during anaesthesia with fentanyl, thiopentone, halothane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. ⋯ Four of these patients developed a phase II block apparently not correlated to plasma cholinesterase activity. In the E1uE1s; patients, full recovery was seen after 22.0 and 31.4 min, respectively. It is concluded that in patients heterozygous for abnormal plasma cholinesterase, bambuterol 20 mg taken 2 h before anaesthesia causes a 2-3 times prolongation of the neuromuscular blockade following suxamethonium 1 mg.kg-1 and in some patients a phase II block.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1990
Anaesthesia in malignant hyperthermia-susceptible patients without dantrolene prophylaxis: a report of 30 cases.
The intra- and postoperative course of 30 anaesthetics in 24 MH-carriers verified by in vitro contracture tests is reported. None of the patients received dantrolene prophylactically and only agents known to be nontriggers were used for anaesthesia. Neither MH-related changes in perioperative heart rates, body temperatures, and CK levels nor any other symptoms of MH were observed. We conclude that the prophylactic use of dantrolene is not necessary in patients suspected to be prone to MH if triggering agents are avoided and the patients are closely monitored.
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The incidence of emetic episodes during the first 24 h after anaesthesia was studied prospectively in 485 children aged 0-16 years in relation to age, premedication, type of induction, type and duration of anaesthesia, type of surgery and use of postoperative analgesics. The incidence of emetic episodes was 25% in the whole material. The majority of the emetic episodes were recorded after the immediate recovery period. ⋯ Nausea and vomiting was most common after squint surgery (75%) and least common after endoscopies (17%). Neither premedication with diazepam nor the method of induction (thiopentone, i.v., thiopentone rectally, inhalation with halothane) influenced the incidence of nausea. For the same type of surgery, maintenance of anaesthesia with halothane resulted in a lower incidence of nausea than anaesthesia with fentanyl-pancuronium.