Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1996
Case ReportsManagement of upper airway obstruction using a Seldinger minitracheotomy kit.
Two adult patients with upper airway obstruction due to epiglottitis and infectious mononucleosis requiring urgent airway management are presented. Successful establishment of an open airway was achieved by performing a minitracheotomy using the Seldinger technique followed finally with nasotracheal fibreoptic intubation.
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High concentrations of oxygen acute lung injury. Neutrophils are thought to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of this lung injury through the release of oxygen radicals, neutral proteases, and lysosomal enzymes. Lidocaine has been shown to inhibit neutrophil function. We examined whether intravenous pretreatment with lidocaine attenuated acute lung injury induced by hyperoxia. ⋯ These findings suggest that intravenous lidocaine has a prophylactic effect on initial hyperoxic lung injury (pulmonary vascular permeability, histopathological, and biochemical BALF changes) in rabbits. The effects of lidocaine on more severe lung injury (decreased oxygenation) caused by hyperoxia for 72 h deserve further study.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIs preoperative ketorolac a useful adjunct to regional anesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy?
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become a popular component of analgesia regimens, particularly in combination with narcotics. We questioned whether there might also be a place for their use in conjunction with regional anesthesia and whether there was a preferable route for NSAID administration. ⋯ Beyond the analgesia provided by the regional anesthesia of the ilioinguinal and field blocks, the preoperative use of ketorolac further reduced postoperative pain scores and the need for additional postoperative analgesic medication. Comparable outcomes for the i.v., i.m. and i.w. groups indicate the lack of any benefit to concentrating the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug at the wound (i.w.) or to achieving high blood levels rapidly (i.v.). In conclusion, ketorolac is a useful supplement to ilioinguinal plus field block regional anesthesia for hernia surgery and is most effective administered parenterally.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effect of continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine (0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%) on nerve conduction velocity and postural control in volunteers.
Continuous epidural infusions of local anaesthetics have become increasingly popular in postoperative pain treatment, especially as they permit early mobilisation. Ropivacaine is a promising new agent which induces more pronounced sensory than motor blockade. This study was focused on the influence of continuous epidural infusion of ropivacaine on impulse conduction in large nerves (by measurement of F and H latencies), and on the subjects' ability to maintain postural control during mobilisation. ⋯ Recovery of postural control with 0.2% and 0.3% ropivacaine is significantly faster than with bupivacaine 0.25%. H latency recording allows detection of epidural blockade intensity that does not prevent subjects from performing postural tests.