Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialMinimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for tracheal extubation in children.
One advantage of tracheal extubation during deep anaesthesia is that respiratory complications are reduced. Sevoflurane is a suitable anaesthetic agent for children. This study was conducted to determine the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane required to prevent cough or movement during and after tracheal extubation (MACextubation). ⋯ Tracheal extubation in 50% of anaesthetized children age 2-10 yr may be accomplished without coughing or moving at 2.3% end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Pharmacodynamic modelling of the analgesic effects of piritramide in postoperative patients.
The concentration-effect relationship of piritramide, a synthetic opioid analgesic predominantly used for postoperative analgesia and analgosedation, has not been reported so far. ⋯ The analgesic effect of piritramide was adequately described by an inhibitory fractional Emax-model. In order to overcome the pronounced hysteresis, piritramide should initially be administered as an intravenous bolus of at least 5 mg.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Continuous low-flow tracheal gas insufflation during partial liquid ventilation in rabbits.
Both partial liquid ventilation (PLV) and tracheal gas insufflation are novel techniques for mechanical ventilation. In this study we examined whether PLV superimposed by continuous low-flow tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) offers any advantage to the blood gases and lung mechanics in normal-lung rabbits compared to the use of PLV only. ⋯ In summary, continuous low-flow TGI superimposed on PLV can decrease and stabilize the PaCO2 elevation caused by the initiation of PLV.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Relationship between intra- and postoperative oxygen transport and prolonged intensive care after cardiac surgery: a prospective study.
Prolonged intensive care is a rare but serious complication of cardiac surgery. It is required in less than 10% of operated patients but they use more than 30% of all the intensive care resources needed for cardiac surgery. The aim of our study was to describe the clinical course of the patients who need prolonged intensive care following cardiac surgery and to assess whether the intra- and postoperative oxygen transport variables are different in these patients as compared to patients with an uncomplicated course. ⋯ There was no significant relationship between the factors conventionally assumed to be risk factors for prolonged intensive care. Instead, an increase in whole body oxygen extraction, reflecting a mismatch between the whole body oxygen demand and supply, was associated with the need for prolonged intensive care. Oxygen extraction increased to compensate for the reduced oxygen delivery, which in turn was caused by a lower arterial oxygen content.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Weight gain during pregnancy does not influence the spread of spinal analgesia in the term parturient.
It is still controversial whether the spread of spinal anaesthesia in pregnancy is influenced by particular physique. Investigation was based on a clinical observation that parturients with a pronounced "pregnant" physique, e.g. generalised oedema and heavy abdomen, tended to develop more cephalad sensory blockades than parturients without these physical signs. Using weight gain during pregnancy as a measure for the physique at term, we aimed to determine whether this parameter influences the distribution of analgesia after subarachnoidal injection of plain bupivacaine. ⋯ In parturients, weight gain during pregnancy, height, weight and body-mass index did not influence the extent of sensory analgesia after subarachnoidal administration of plain bupivacaine.