Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTransient radicular irritation after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric solutions of cerebrospinal fluid-diluted lidocaine 50 mg/ml or mepivacaine 40 mg/ml or bupivacaine 5 mg/ml.
Transient radicular irritation (TRI) is common after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of TRI after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml diluted with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 1:1 and hyperbaric mepivacaine 40 mg/ml and hyperbaric bupivacaine 5 mg/ml. ⋯ TRI is frequent after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml diluted with CSF 1:1. The incidence of TRI after hyperbaric mepivacaine 40 mg/ml is of the same magnitude. TRI could not be observed after bupivacaine spinal anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyA bolus dose of 1.5 mg/kg amrinone effectively improves low cardiac output state following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgical patients.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1.5 mg/kg bolus of amrinone on low cardiac output (CO) state following emergence from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in cardiac surgical patients. ⋯ A 1.5 mg/kg amrinone loading dose to patients in a low CO state, despite catecholamine therapy immediately after emergence from CPB, effectively improves ventricular function when loading conditions are maintained constant.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Inhibited hypothalamic histamine metabolism during isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia in rats.
Histamine is most densely distributed in the hypothalamus and has an important effect on consciousness or wakefulness. It has been little considered whether general anesthetics could exert their effects on hypothalamic histamine metabolism. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on hypothalamic histamine metabolism. ⋯ Histamine metabolism was inhibited during both isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia and accelerated only in the posterior hypothalamus during the emergence from these anesthetics.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative analgesia with epidural bupivacaine and low-dose fentanyl--a comparison of two concentrations.
The purpose of the study was to compare the analgesic and side effects of two epidurally administered mixtures of bupivacaine and fentanyl with the same drug ratios. ⋯ Both groups had low pain scores with few and comparable adverse effects. It thus seems that the volume is not important when mixtures of bupivacaine and fentanyl in the studies concentrations are infused epidurally at a low thoracic level. Practical reasons favour the higher concentration mixture.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPreservation of humidity and heat of respiratory gases in spontaneously breathing, tracheostomized patients.
Ventilation with endotracheal intubation bypasses the upper airway and the normal heat and moisture exchanging process of inspired gases. A continuous loss of moisture and heat occurs and predisposes patients to serious airway damage. We therefore prospectively studied one heated humidifier system, one cold humidifier system and one heat and moisture exchanger in spontaneously breathing, tracheostomized intensive care unit patients to determine the ability to preserve patients' heat and water. ⋯ In spontaneously breathing, tracheostomized intensive care unit patients, the Trach-Vent heat and moisture exchanger and the Aerodyne heated system achieved satisfactorily preservation of heat and humidity of inspired gases.