Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPorcine-derived surfactant treatment of severe bronchiolitis.
It is hypothesized that surfactant treatment helps to improve severe bronchiolitis by restoring surfactant system activity. This study aims to assess the effect of surfactant on gas exchange, peak inspiratory pressure and duration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit (ICU) stay in children with severe bronchiolitis. ⋯ Surfactant treatment of severe bronchiolitis appeared to improve gas exchange, reduce PIP and shorten CPPV and ICU stay. However, these initial results must be confirmed by a larger and more rigorously controlled study.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Intrathoracic and pulmonary blood volume during CO2-pneumoperitoneum in humans.
Induction of CO2-pneumoperitoneum may have significant effects on systemic and pulmonary haemodynamics. We hypothesized that intrathoracic (ITBV) and pulmonary blood volume (PBV) are affected during intra-abdominal CO2-insufflation, which may be pronounced by positional changes of the patient. ⋯ In anaesthetized-paralyzed patients in the reverse Trendelenburg position intra-abdominal CO2-insufflation is associated with significant alterations of ITBV and PBV. The release of CO2-pneumoperitoneum is associated with a re-distribution of blood into the thorax.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Distribution, tolerability and tissue compatibility of intrathecal tizanidine in the sheep.
Tizanidine (TZD) is an alpha-2-adrenergic drug with potential spinal analgesic action and could be a substitute or additive for intrathecal (i.t.) opiates in chronic pain treatment. However, long-term tolerability and tissue compatibility are not yet established. ⋯ The long-term intrathecal infusion of TZD is well tolerated and non-toxic in the sheep. The data favor clinical trials in patients with chronic pain.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Case ReportsAn unusual toxic reaction to axillary block by mepivacaine with adrenaline.
An increase in blood pressure, accompanied by atrial fibrillation, agitation, incomprehensible shouts and loss of consciousness, was observed in an elderly, ASA classification group II, cardiovascularly medicated male, 12 min after performance of axillary block with mepivacaine 850 mg containing adrenaline 0.225 mg, for correction of Dupuytren's contracture. After intravenous administration of labetalol, metoprolol and midazolam the patient's condition improved, and 15 min later he woke up. ⋯ Postoperatively, the patient refused DC cardioversion and was treated medically. Both the temporal relationship of events and the response to treatment suggest that a rapid systemic absorption of mepivacaine with adrenaline and/or interaction of these drugs with the patient's cardiovascular medications were responsible for the perioperative complications.