Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Intrathoracic and pulmonary blood volume during CO2-pneumoperitoneum in humans.
Induction of CO2-pneumoperitoneum may have significant effects on systemic and pulmonary haemodynamics. We hypothesized that intrathoracic (ITBV) and pulmonary blood volume (PBV) are affected during intra-abdominal CO2-insufflation, which may be pronounced by positional changes of the patient. ⋯ In anaesthetized-paralyzed patients in the reverse Trendelenburg position intra-abdominal CO2-insufflation is associated with significant alterations of ITBV and PBV. The release of CO2-pneumoperitoneum is associated with a re-distribution of blood into the thorax.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Distribution, tolerability and tissue compatibility of intrathecal tizanidine in the sheep.
Tizanidine (TZD) is an alpha-2-adrenergic drug with potential spinal analgesic action and could be a substitute or additive for intrathecal (i.t.) opiates in chronic pain treatment. However, long-term tolerability and tissue compatibility are not yet established. ⋯ The long-term intrathecal infusion of TZD is well tolerated and non-toxic in the sheep. The data favor clinical trials in patients with chronic pain.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Inhibited hypothalamic histamine metabolism during isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia in rats.
Histamine is most densely distributed in the hypothalamus and has an important effect on consciousness or wakefulness. It has been little considered whether general anesthetics could exert their effects on hypothalamic histamine metabolism. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia on hypothalamic histamine metabolism. ⋯ Histamine metabolism was inhibited during both isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia and accelerated only in the posterior hypothalamus during the emergence from these anesthetics.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative analgesia with epidural bupivacaine and low-dose fentanyl--a comparison of two concentrations.
The purpose of the study was to compare the analgesic and side effects of two epidurally administered mixtures of bupivacaine and fentanyl with the same drug ratios. ⋯ Both groups had low pain scores with few and comparable adverse effects. It thus seems that the volume is not important when mixtures of bupivacaine and fentanyl in the studies concentrations are infused epidurally at a low thoracic level. Practical reasons favour the higher concentration mixture.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTransient radicular irritation after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric solutions of cerebrospinal fluid-diluted lidocaine 50 mg/ml or mepivacaine 40 mg/ml or bupivacaine 5 mg/ml.
Transient radicular irritation (TRI) is common after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of TRI after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml diluted with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 1:1 and hyperbaric mepivacaine 40 mg/ml and hyperbaric bupivacaine 5 mg/ml. ⋯ TRI is frequent after spinal anesthesia induced with hyperbaric lidocaine 50 mg/ml diluted with CSF 1:1. The incidence of TRI after hyperbaric mepivacaine 40 mg/ml is of the same magnitude. TRI could not be observed after bupivacaine spinal anesthesia.