Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2001
High concentrations of adrenergic antagonists prolong sciatic nerve blockade by tetrodotoxin.
Millimolar-range concentrations of some adrenergic antagonists have been shown to have local anesthetic-like properties, and to stimulate GTPase activity in vitro. In this report, we investigate whether these agents can potentiate the effect of tetrodotoxin (TTX) and bupivacaine, a conventional local anesthetic, and whether GTPase activation plays a role. ⋯ High concentrations of adrenergic antagonists markedly prolonged TTX block, but not bupivacaine block. This locally mediated action does not appear to be adrenergic-receptor-specific, or mediated by GTPase activation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2001
Meta AnalysisEfficacy and safety of patient-controlled opioid analgesia for acute postoperative pain. A quantitative systematic review.
The usefulness of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with opioids for postoperative analgesia is not well defined. ⋯ These trials provide some evidence that in the postoperative pain setting, PCA with opioids, compared with conventional opioid treatment, improve analgesia and decrease the risk of pulmonary complications, and that patients prefer them.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialTime course of changes in jugular venous oxygen saturation during hypothermic or normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Preexisting diabetic mellitus is a risk factor determining postoperative neurological disorders. The present study assesses the effects of normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2)in patients with preexisting diabetic mellitus. ⋯ Patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus experienced cerebral desaturation during normothermic CPB.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPain on injection of propofol with or without infusion of carrier fluid.
Propofol, a popular intravenous (iv) anaesthetic induction agent for brief cases or day surgery, is associated with smooth induction, pleasant sleep, rapid recovery and little postoperative nausea. A major disadvantage is pain at the site of injection. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of simultaneous iv infusion of carrier fluid on propofol-induced local pain. ⋯ It seems, from the results obtained here, that simultaneous iv infusion of carrier fluid has no particular effect on local pain following iv administration of propofol.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2001
Clinical TrialChanges in cardiac output and intrathoracic blood volume: a mathematical coupling of data?
Measurements of intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV) provide volumetric information about cardiac preload and are used to investigate the cause of alterations in cardiac output (CO). On the other hand, CO is required to calculate ITBV. Thus, concerns have been raised with respect to a mathematical coupling of data. The aim of this prospective, clinical study was to investigate whether a variation in CO induced by high-dose beta-blockade influences thermodilution measurements of ITBV in the absence of changes in intravascular volume in patients undergoing minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting. ⋯ The results of the present study demonstrate that substantial alterations in CO as a consequence of high-dose esmolol infusion are not associated with changes in ITBV. Because haemodynamic changes were induced by factors other than variation of preload, these findings suggest that changes in cardiac output do not influence thermodilution measurements of ITBV in this setting.