Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSoda lime temperatures during low-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia and differences in dead-space.
Sevoflurane degrades during low-flow anaesthesia to compound A, and high carbon dioxide absorbent temperatures cause increased degradation. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if larger tidal volumes, without increasing alveolar ventilation, decrease the temperature in the carbon dioxide absorber during low- and minimal-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia. ⋯ Increasing dead-space volumes can reduce carbon dioxide absorber temperature during low- and minimal-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2002
Clinical TrialBiochemical markers for brain damage after cardiac surgery -- time profile and correlation with cognitive dysfunction.
Cerebral dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery and may be reflected in increasing blood concentrations of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 beta protein. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal timing of blood sampling. ⋯ NSE seems to be a useful blood marker for early cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting, optimal timing of blood sampling being at approximately 36 h postoperatively.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2002
Atracurium and vecuronium block nicotine-induced carotid body chemoreceptor responses.
Vecuronium depresses carotid body chemosensitivity during hypoxia. We hypothesized that this is caused by inhibition of cholinergic transmission of the carotid body. ⋯ Atracurium and vecuronium in equipotent concentrations block nicotine-induced chemoreceptor responses of the carotid body.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of alkalinization and/or hyaluronidase adjuvancy on a local anesthetic mixture for sub-Tenon's ophthalmic block.
pH adjustment and/or addition of hyaluronidase to local anesthetic drugs decrease the time to onset and prolong the duration of regional anesthetic techniques for ocular surgery. The objective of this study was to investigate whether these factors are effective also in sub-Tenon's block. ⋯ pH adjustment and/or addition of hyaluronidase to a mixture of lignocaine and bupivacaine did not shorten the time to onset of akinesia following sub-Tenon's technique. However, the addition of hyaluronidase was associated with a lower fraction of patients experiencing pain during surgery.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialOral ondansetron, tropisetron or metoclopramide to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting: a comparison in high-risk patients undergoing thyroid or parathyroid surgery.
Oral antiemetic prophylaxis may be a practical alternative to intravenous administration. Intravenous ondansetron and tropisetron prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) at least as efficiently as traditional antiemetics, droperidol and metoclopramide. We tested the hypothesis that the incidence of PONV after oral ondansetron or tropisetron prophylaxis is lower compared with metoclopramide among high-risk patients. ⋯ In the initial period, the incidence of PONV was lower after premedication with oral tropisetron than after ondansetron or metoclopramide. Considering the entire 24-h postoperative period, the incidence of PONV was the same after all three premedications, but the incidence of vomiting was lower after oral ondansetron and tropisetron than after metoclopramide.