Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of epidural pain treatment with sufentanil-ropivacaine infusion with and without epinephrine in children.
Epidural analgesia provides outstanding pain relief after surgery, but it is also associated with numerous adverse effects. In order to improve postoperative pain management in children we determined whether the use of epinephrine added to epidural sufentanil-ropivacaine infusion reduced drug requirements, the intensity and duration of postoperative pain and the incidence and severity of adverse effects. ⋯ Both infusions provided effective pain relief, and epinephrine as an adjuvant to continuous epidural sufentanil-ropivacaine infusion seems to be useful in children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2002
Comparative StudyComparative effects of xenon and nitrous oxide on diaphragmatic contractility in dogs.
Xenon at two different concentrations (30%, 60%) has no effect on diaphragmatic contractility. This study was undertaken to compare the effects of xenon and nitrous oxide (N2O), a commonly used and well-established gas anesthetic, on diaphragmatic contractility in dogs. ⋯ When used at clinical concentration, xenon or N2O does not affect contractility and electrical activity of the diaphragm in dogs.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2002
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mivacurium in young adult and elderly patients.
Mivacurium is hydrolyzed by plasma cholinesterase, and is therefore less dependent on liver metabolism and renal elimination than other neuromuscular blocking drugs. This might favor the use of mivacurium in elderly patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacodynamics and the pharmacokinetics of the three isomers of mivacurium and their metabolites in young adult and elderly patients. ⋯ There were no significant differences in the potency or infusion requirements between the adult and elderly patients, but the rate of recovery was significantly, though only moderately prolonged, in the elderly patients. No significant difference in clearance was seen but the elimination half-lives of the metabolites was longer in the elderly patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of lung recruitment maneuver and positive end-expiratory pressure on lung volume, respiratory mechanics and alveolar gas mixing in patients ventilated after cardiac surgery.
It is unclear whether positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is needed to maintain the improved oxygenation and lung volume achieved after a lung recruitment maneuver in patients ventilated after cardiac surgery performed in the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). ⋯ Positive end-expiratory pressure is required after a lung recruitment maneuver in patients ventilated with high FiO2 after cardiac surgery to maintain lung volumes and the improved oxygenation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2002
Case ReportsEpidural blood patch for treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is an uncommon disease caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage. We reported a case of a 42-year-old male with postural headache who was diagnosed as having spontaneous intracranial hypotension. ⋯ Because cerebrospinal fluid drops from the catheter, it is useful to identify the location of the catheter tip under contrast injection X-ray. Rapid and dramatic relief from the headache was obtained, and no serious complications occurred.