Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialClonidine vs. midazolam as premedication in children undergoing adeno-tonsillectomy: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Clonidine administration in the setting of paediatric anaesthesia is associated with a number of desirable effects, e.g. preoperative sedation, analgesia and reduced anaesthetic requirements. The aim of the current study was to compare postoperative outcome variables using a prospective, randomized, double-blind design after premedication with clonidine or midazolam. ⋯ Rectal premedication with clonidine was associated with a significant reduction of pain in the early postoperative period compared to midazolam and was also associated with moderately increased sedation during the first 24 postoperative hours. The sedative effect of clonidine is in agreement with the unambiguous finding of a parental preference for a calm and sedated child during the first 24 postoperative hours.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialWomen report more pain on injection of a precurarization dose of rocuronium: a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether gender influences the perception of pain on injection of rocuronium. ⋯ Women experienced more pain on injection of rocuronium than men, moreover this is an additional evidence for gender-related differences in pain perception. When rocuronium is used as a precurarization agent, an analgesic pretreatment (e.g. opioids) should be considered, especially for female patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of the analgesic efficacy of ketobemidone and morphine for management of postoperative pain in children: a randomized, controlled study.
Ketobemidone has been used as an analgesic for postoperative pain in children, but to our knowledge the effect and occurrence of adverse effects of ketobemidone compared to morphine is not known. The aim was to determine if the analgesic potency and the occurrence of adverse effects of ketobemidone differ from morphine when administered to children, as measured by patient-controlled analgesia consumption (PCA) for postoperative pain. ⋯ The analgesic potency and adverse effects of ketobemidone are similar to morphine when used for postoperative pain management in children.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of subanaesthetic and anaesthetic doses of sevoflurane on regional cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers. A positron emission tomographic study.
We tested the hypothesis that escalating drug concentrations of sevoflurane are associated with a significant decline of cerebral blood flow in regions subserving conscious brain activity, including specifically the thalamus. ⋯ At sevoflurane concentrations at 0.7% and 2.0% a significant decrease in relative rCBF was detected in the thalamus. Interestingly, some of the most profound changes in rCBF were observed in structures related to pain processing (anterior cingulate and insula).
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialRocuronium attenuates oculocardiac reflex during squint surgery in children anesthetized with halothane and nitrous oxide.
The oculocardiac reflex (OCR) may be activated during squint surgery. The aim of this study was to test whether rocuronium 0.4 mg kg(-1) could reduce the frequency of OCR, and also whether a single dose of succinylcholine 1 mg kg(-1) could affect the frequency of OCR during anesthesia with halothane in a nitrous oxide/oxygen mixture. ⋯ Rocuronium reduced the frequency of OCR, mainly by reducing the incidence of supraventricular and ventricular premature beats.