Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLess postoperative nausea and vomiting after propofol + remifentanil versus propofol + fentanyl anaesthesia during plastic surgery.
The effect of different opioids on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) has not been conclusively determined yet, thus the aim of this study was to compare the incidence of PONV in propofol-anaesthetized patients receiving either fentanyl or remifentanil as opioid supplement. ⋯ Propofol + fentanyl anaesthesia resulted in a higher incidence of PONV and requirements of antiemetic drugs in the period between 2 and 12 postoperative hours compared with propofol + remifentanil, in patients undergoing plastic surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialVariability of duration of action of neuromuscular-blocking drugs in elderly patients.
Steroid-based, non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking (NMB) drugs (e.g. rocuronium, vecuronium) are characterized by organ-dependent elimination and significantly longer durations of action in elderly compared to young patients. Cisatracurium is a benzylisoquinolinium NMB drug with a duration of action not altered by ageing. The objective of the study was to determine if elderly patients had less variability in duration of action with 2 x ED95 of cisatracurium compared to equipotent doses of rocuronium or vecuronium. ⋯ When used with sevoflurane/N(2)O, there was a two-fold greater variability of duration of neuromuscular blockade in elderly patients receiving rocuronium or vecuronium compared with cisatracurium.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialAnesthetic effect of epidural anesthesia with cephalad or caudad catheterization for ankle surgery or hemorrhoidectomy.
The larger size of the first sacral nerve root has been reported to be an unfavorable factor leading to sacral sparing in epidural anesthesia. Previous studies have shown that an adequate analgesic effect of the epidural block was achieved with the catheter placement in the caudal direction. In this study, the anesthetic effect of epidural anesthesia with catheter placement of a cephalic or caudad direction was compared in ankle and hemorrhoid surgery. ⋯ Injection of local anesthetic solution through a caudally oriented epidural catheter produces faster onset and superior quality of anesthesia in comparison with the injection through the cephaladly oriented catheter in ankle surgery, but not hemorrhoidectomy.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPreoperative caudal block prevents emergence agitation in children following sevoflurane anesthesia.
The frequency of emergence agitation in children is increased following sevoflurane anesthesia. However, controversies still exist concerning the exact etiology of this postanesthetic problem. Although this phenomenon is present with adequate pain relief or even following pain-free procedures, pain is still regarded as a major contributing factor. ⋯ Our results show that in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair, pain control with a preoperative caudal block as compared to intraoperative intravenous fentanyl significantly reduces the incidence of emergence agitation and pain scores following sevoflurane anesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialIntrathecal fentanyl added to hyperbaric ropivacaine for transurethral resection of the prostate.
Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of intrathecal fentanyl 25 microg added to 18 mg of 6 mg ml(-1) hyperbaric ropivacaine on the characteristics of subarachnoid block and postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing TURP surgery. ⋯ Addition of fentanyl 25 microg to hyperbaric ropivacaine 18 mg for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing TURP may significantly improve the quality and prolong the duration of analgesia, without causing a substantial increase in the frequency of major side-effects.