Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 1998
The influence of age and administration rate on the brain sensitivity to propofol in rats.
It is well established that the dose of propofol for induction of anaesthesia is influenced by patient age. This may be explained by differences in pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. To evaluate the effect of age on propofol pharmacodynamics, the brain concentration of propofol at the time of an EEG end-point was used as a measure of CNS sensitivity. ⋯ The dose of propofol for induction of anaesthesia in rats is influenced by animal age and administration rate. Young animals need a larger induction dose than old rats, but are more sensitive as measured by the brain concentration of propofol. The larger induction dose in young rats when compared with adults is explained by pharmacokinetic differences rather than by pharmacodynamic changes.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe analgesic effect of racemic ketamine in patients with chronic ischemic pain due to lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.
Ketamine in sub-dissociative doses has been shown to have analgesic effects in various pain conditions, including neuropathic and phantom-limb pain, where conventional treatment has often failed. Chronic ischemic pain due to lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans often responds poorly to analgesics, and the pain-generating mechanisms are not well understood. ⋯ We have demonstrated a potent dose-dependent analgesic effect of racemic ketamine in clinical ischemic pain. Due to a narrow therapeutic window, this analgesic effect is probably best utilised in combination with other analgesics.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Comparative StudyA bolus dose of 1.5 mg/kg amrinone effectively improves low cardiac output state following separation from cardiopulmonary bypass in cardiac surgical patients.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1.5 mg/kg bolus of amrinone on low cardiac output (CO) state following emergence from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in cardiac surgical patients. ⋯ A 1.5 mg/kg amrinone loading dose to patients in a low CO state, despite catecholamine therapy immediately after emergence from CPB, effectively improves ventricular function when loading conditions are maintained constant.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostural post-dural puncture headache after spinal and epidural anaesthesia. A randomised, double-blind study.
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of patient expectation in the development of postural post-dural puncture headache (PPDPH). ⋯ SA gave more headache but superior quality of surgical anaesthesia compared with EA. Dural puncture, and not expectation, is the major cause of PPDPH.