Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of halothane and isoflurane on left ventricular diastolic function during surgical stress in patients with coronary artery disease.
The effects of inhalation anesthetics on left ventricular (LV) systolic function are well documented, while the effects of these agents on LV diastolic function have mainly been evaluated in animal studies, with conflicting results. ⋯ Both halothane and isoflurane impair early diastolic relaxation in patients with CAD, when used to control intraoperative surgical stress. In contrast to halothane, isoflurane induced a change in the LVED P/A relationship, suggestive of an increased LVED stiffness.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAnalgesic and psychomotor effects of thiopental at subanesthetic concentrations in human volunteers.
Studies of the effects of barbiturates on the modulation of pain have produced mixed results. In a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, we studied the effects of thiopental at presumed steady-state, "conscious sedation" levels on cold-pressor-induced pain in 12 healthy volunteers. ⋯ Our laboratory results do not support the long-held belief that barbiturates are "antanalgesic" or hyperalgesic, at least for cold-pressor-induced pain.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effect of halothane on mivacurium infusion requirements in adult surgical patients.
The extent of interaction between volatile anaesthetics and neuromuscular blocking agents depends both on the inhalational anaesthetic and the muscle relaxant. Halothane has the weakest potentiating effect on neuromuscular blocking drugs and previous studies of the interaction between halothane and mivacurium have been contradictory. We were interested in determining the effect of different levels of halothane-nitrous oxide anaesthesia on infusion requirements of mivacurium. ⋯ Halothane anaesthesia reduces mivacurium infusion requirements by 15-25% compared to nitrous oxide-fentanyl anaesthesia. Interindividual differences in the extent of this interaction are great.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialGranisetron reduces incidence of nausea and vomiting after breast surgery.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remains a troublesome problem. The study was performed to evaluate the antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic granisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptor antagonist, on the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery. ⋯ Granisetron is an effective antiemetic for preventing PONV in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for breast surgery.
-
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEvaluation of residual neuromuscular blockade using modified double burst stimulation.
To assess the degree of residual neuromuscular blockade, double burst stimulation (DBS) is commonly applied in the clinical setting. However, fades in response to DBS3,3 can rarely be identified manually when train-of-four (TOF) ratios are > or = 0.70, and, in contrast, fades in response to DBS3,2 are felt manually in an undesirably high proportion of cases, even at TOF ratios greater than 0.7. We investigated whether a new monitoring method, modified DBS, would be useful to determine an adequate degree of recovery from neuromuscular blockade. For modified DBS, two burst stimuli were applied at an interval of 750 ms. The first stimulation in the modified DBS consisted of two stimuli of 0.3 ms duration at 50 Hz and the second of two stimuli of 0.2 ms duration at 50 Hz. ⋯ Our results indicate that the modified DBS may be a useful stimulation pattern to diagnose the adequacy of recovery from neuromuscular blockade.