Journal of paediatrics and child health
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jan 2008
Review Meta AnalysisAcute treatment of paediatric migraine: a meta-analysis of efficacy.
To undertake a meta-analysis of all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the acute pharmacologic treatment of children and adolescents with migraine headache. ⋯ Despite the pharmacological options for the management of acute migraine, few RCTs in the paediatric population exist. Composite data demonstrate that only ibuprofen and sumatriptan are significantly more effective than placebo in the generation of headache relief in children and adolescents.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jan 2008
Estimating inspired oxygen concentration delivered by nasal prongs in children with bronchiolitis.
The inspired oxygen concentration (FiO(2)) is an important criterion for assessing the severity of bronchiolitis. Oxygen delivery by nasal prongs is a measure of oxygen flow, but not FiO(2). We aimed to determine whether FiO(2) of oxygen delivered by nasal prongs could be predicted from nasal flow by relating arterial oxygen concentrations achieved with prongs to those achieved via head box in children with bronchiolitis. ⋯ In this study, it was not possible to estimate FiO(2) reliably from nasal oxygen flow rates in children with bronchiolitis. Nasal prong oxygen flow rates should be used with caution when assessing the severity of bronchiolitis in children.
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We report two children who presented with cough and wheeze, were initially misdiagnosed with asthma and were subsequently demonstrated to have achalasia as the underlying cause of their symptoms. These cases highlight the importance of considering diagnoses other than asthma when there is a suboptimal response to asthma medications, as well as the value of investigations including chest X-ray and pulmonary function tests in establishing the underlying cause.
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J Paediatr Child Health · Jan 2008
Paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation: recent changes to guidelines.
Recommended cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines for infants and children by health-care personnel have been updated following an extensive review of the science of resuscitation. Notable changes include a change to a single chest compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2, a single DC shock (2 J/kg) strategy for shockable rhythms followed by immediate uninterrupted cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 2 min, use of amiodarone (5 mg/kg) for DC-shock resistant rhythms, the routine use of carbon dioxide detection to confirm correct endotracheal tube placement and the use of therapeutic hypothermia if the victim fails to resume consciousness after resuscitation.