Neurosurgery clinics of North America
-
Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. · Oct 1996
ReviewJugular bulb oximetry for the monitoring of cerebral blood flow and metabolism.
Jugular bulb oximetry can be used to assess the balance between oxygen supply and demand to the brain, measure metabolic byproducts, and determine cerebral blood flow. It has been useful in guiding the management of patients who are at risk of developing global ischemia. ⋯ Technical considerations such as placement techniques, factors affecting accuracy, limitations of the technique, and proper interpretation of oximetric values are reviewed. Lastly, specific clinical applications are presented.
-
It has been the goal of this article to provide the reader with a brief background of fMRI, a basic understanding of the techniques of fMRI, and, more importantly, the potential for clinical and experimental studies using fMRI. In contrast to the limited number of installed PET and MEG units, the large installed base of MR imaging scanners (over 1000 installed at least at 1.5 T in the United States) makes fMRI potentially widely available. ⋯ The areas of language lateralization and memory are still preliminary at best. As methods to reduce the effects of head motion (due to both bulk head motion and physiologically induced motion) arise, the reliability of fMRI should improve, allowing for more definitive identification of task activation.