Epidemiology
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Nonrandomized pharmacoepidemiology generally compares one medication with another. For many conditions, clinicians can benefit from comparing the safety and effectiveness of three or more appropriate treatment options. We sought to compare three treatment groups simultaneously by creating 1:1:1 propensity score-matched cohorts. ⋯ Our matching approach offers an effective way to study the safety and effectiveness of three treatment options. We recommend its use over the pairwise or common-referent approaches.