Epidemiology
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The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising globally and together they constitute a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Previous estimates of direct effects of high body mass index (BMI) on CHD did not consider an interaction between BMI and its mediators and did not include inflammatory biomarkers as potential mediators. ⋯ Metabolic mediators explain about half of the adverse effects of high BMI on CHD. The role of inflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers is much smaller than that of metabolic factors.