The Journal of craniofacial surgery
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Mandibular hypoplasia, retrognathia, and micrognathia are commonly encountered problems in pediatric plastic surgery. Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a relatively simple technique that allows for correction of the deformity with minimal morbidity. However, MDO can lead to a wide variety of complications. ⋯ Mandibular distraction osteogenesis can be associated with a wide variety of minor and major complications, but all complications can be avoided with careful planning and technique.
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Cephaloceles are rare neural tube defects. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the charts of all patients with cephaloceles who underwent surgical treatment in our institute for a 14-year period, between January 1995 and January 2009. There were 27 children (11 boys and 16 girls; mean age, 7.5 mo; range, 1 d to 7 y). ⋯ After a mean follow-up period of 7.2 years (range, 6 mo to 11.5 y), all patients were in good condition. In conclusion, occipital cephaloceles are more frequently encountered and are usually associated with hydrocephalus. Surgery should be performed as early as possible and only after careful preoperative planning especially for the anterior cephaloceles.
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Thermal injury is a sad but common and obligatory component of armed conflicts. Although the frequency of noncombat burns has decreased, overall incidence of burns in current military operations has nearly doubled during the past few years. Burn injuries in the military environment do not need to be hostile in nature. ⋯ Civilian casualties frequently represents 60% to 80% of all injured admitted to the level III facilities of overseas forces stationed throughout the host country. Unlike military personnel who are rapidly evacuated to higher echelons IV and V for definitive and long-term care, civilians must receive definitive burn treatment at these level III military facilities. The present review was intended to highlight peculiar aspects of war-related burn injuries of both military personnel and civilians and their management based on the most recently published material that, for the most part, is related to the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan.