The Journal of craniofacial surgery
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Case Reports
Basicranial venous anomalies associated with complex nonsyndromic craniosynostosis in a child.
We report the radiological findings of severe bilateral jugular foraminal stenosis along with anomalous basicranial venous drainage in a child with a history of complex nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. CT with 3D reconstructions and MR venography revealed that the lateral sinuses were draining transosseously through several markedly enlarged emissary veins. ⋯ Basicranial venous anomalies are common among children with complex craniosynostosis, and although they may not resemble intracranial vascular outflow deficiencies, they can pose significant surgical risks. This case emphasizes the need for proper clinical assessment and documentation of anomalous basicranial venous anatomy to facilitate management of complex craniosynostosis patients.
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Metastasis of the lung adenocarcinoma to the paranasal sinuses is a rare clinical entity. We present a 75-year-old male patient who presented with swelling of the forehead and left upper eyelid with proptosis in left eye due to metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma. It appears as a puffy swelling of the forehead like a Pott's puffy tumor. Pott's puffy tumor is a subperiostal abscess of the frontal bone associated with osteomyelitis and usually occurs as a complication of sinusitis or trauma.
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Comparative Study
Facial fractures of the upper craniofacial skeleton predict mortality and occult intracranial injury after blunt trauma: an analysis.
The aim of this article was to assess how regional facial fracture patterns predict mortality and occult intracranial injury after blunt trauma. ⋯ The association between facial fractures, intracranial injury, and death varies by regional involvement, with increasing insult in those with upper face fractures. Cognizance of the increased risk for intracranial injury in patients with upper face fractures may supplement existing triage tools and should increase suspicion for underlying or impending neuropathology, regardless of clinical picture at presentation.
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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating injuries for patients. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is an important neurotrophic factor for the regeneration of the spinal neuraxial bundle, but GDNF would degrade rapidly if the protein was injected into the site of injury; thus, it cannot exert its fullest effects. Therefore, we introduced a delivery system of GDNF, poly(lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) delayed-release microspheres, in the current study and observed the effect of PLGA-GDNF and the combination of PLGA-GDNF and another 2 agents PLGA-chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) and PLGA-Nogo A antibody in the treatment of SCI rats. ⋯ The cortical somatosensory evoked potential was also improved by PLGA-GDNF and the combination of chABC, GDNF, and Nogo A antibody microspheres. Our results suggest that PLGA delayed-release microsphere may be a useful and effective tool in delivering protein agents into the injury sites of patients with SCI. This novel combination therapy may provide a new idea in promoting the functional recovery of the damaged spinal cord.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A randomized double-blinded placebo controlled study of four interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in maxillofacial trauma surgery.
This study aimed to determine if preoperative oral administration of metoclopramide, chlorpromazine, gabapentin, or dexamethasone would effectively reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the first 24 hours after surgery in patients undergoing maxillofacial trauma surgery. ⋯ Our results demonstrated that premedication with oral metoclopramide, gabapentin, or chlorpromazine can significantly decrease the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing maxillofacial trauma surgery.