Journal of nephrology
-
Journal of nephrology · Dec 2016
Observational StudyDiabetes mellitus does not affect the incidence of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery; a nested case-control study.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a common complication associated with increased mortality. However, the heterogeneity of the definitions used results in high variance of incidence rates in the literature. Data on the effect of diabetes mellitus on AKI incidence in this setting are scarce. We thus aimed to compare the incidence of AKI (defined by the AKIN, RIFLE and KDIGO criteria) in diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ Incidence of AKI after cardiac surgery is high, but diabetes is not a risk factor for AKI. Baseline renal function in diabetics is related inversely to the incidence of AKI. Age and cardiopulmonary bypass duration are independent predictors of cardiac surgery-associated AKI.
-
Journal of nephrology · Dec 2016
Observational StudyDialysis requirement, long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality in hospital acquired acute kidney injury (AKI): a propensity-matched cohort study.
Dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (D-AKI) is common in hospitalized patients. Many patients survive the immediate post AKI period, thus at risk of suffering long-term sequelae of AKI. Prior studies examining long term outcomes lack non-dialyzed AKI control groups. Without non-dialyzed AKI control group, these studies cannot provide relevant information on long-term risks or benefits associated with dialysis intervention following AKI. ⋯ Management of AKI with temporary dialysis in hospitalized patients with baseline eGFR of ≥60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 was NOT associated with an increased risk for subsequent admission for MACE or all-cause mortality. Clinicians may not need to worry that the dialysis procedure itself may confer additional risk for long-term MACE and all-cause mortality in AKI patients with normal pre-hospitalization GFR.
-
Journal of nephrology · Aug 2016
ReviewMembranous glomerulonephritis: histological and serological features to differentiate cancer-related and non-related forms.
Membranous nephropathy is a frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. In most patients, it appears as a primary renal disease but in about 20 % of cases membranous nephropathy is associated with systemic conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, infections or cancer, or with drug exposure. Reliable differentiation between primary and secondary membranous nephropathy has important implications for the patient, because of different therapeutic approaches between the different forms. ⋯ In this brief review, we discuss the usefulness of newly described autoantibodies in the differential diagnosis of secondary membranous nephropathy. Histological clues for recognizing the two pathological entities are also analysed with regard to the available scientific evidence on this issue. Our evaluation shows that more research is needed to identify the best approach to reach a correct diagnosis of primary or secondary membranous nephropathy.
-
Journal of nephrology · Jun 2016
Sustained low-efficiency extended dialysis (SLED) with single-pass batch system in critically-ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI).
Single-pass batch dialysis (SBD) is a well-established system for treatment of end-stage renal disease. However, little evidence is available on sustained low-efficiency extended dialysis (SLED) performed with SBD in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ SLED-SBD was associated with a low incidence of clotting despite frequent use of saline flush, and achieved a satisfactory hemodynamic stability and reasonable metabolic and fluid control in critically-ill AKI patients.
-
Journal of nephrology · Jun 2016
Consumption of nitrate-containing vegetables is inversely associated with hypertension in adults: a prospective investigation from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study.
There is growing evidence of the potential properties of nitrate-rich foods against development of hypertension (HTN) and vascular disease. In this study, we investigated the association of nitrate-containing vegetables (NCVs) with risk of HTN after 3 years of follow-up. ⋯ Higher dietary nitrate intake from vegetables sources may have a protective effect against development of HTN.