Annals of epidemiology
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Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2011
Variation in rates of fatal coronary heart disease by neighborhood socioeconomic status: the atherosclerosis risk in communities surveillance (1992-2002).
Racial and gender disparities in out-of-hospital deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD) have been well-documented, yet disparities by neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) have been less systematically studied in US population-based surveillance efforts. ⋯ Low nSES was associated with an increased risk of out-of-hospital CHD death and SCD. Measures of the neighborhood context are useful tools in population-based surveillance efforts for documenting and monitoring socioeconomic disparities in mortality over time.
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Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2011
Black preterm birth risk in nonblack neighborhoods: effects of Hispanic, Asian, and non-Hispanic white ethnic densities.
Studies of ethnic density and health in the United States have documented poorer health outcomes among black individuals living in black compared with nonblack neighborhoods, but few studies have considered the identities of the populations in nonblack neighborhoods. ⋯ The low risks of preterm birth among foreign-born non-Hispanic black women in majority-Hispanic neighborhoods may be related to protective psychosocial or lifestyle and warrant further investigation.
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Annals of epidemiology · Aug 2011
Ethnicity and risk of hospitalization for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
To identify ethnic differences for risk of hospitalization for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ Ethnic disparities in risk of asthma and COPD as well as between both diseases exist, especially for Asian Americans, who have high asthma risk and low COPD risk. While residual confounding for smoking or other environmental factors could be partially responsible, genetic factors in Asians may be involved in decreased COPD risk.