Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Changes in thigh muscle volume predict bone mineral density response to lifestyle therapy in frail, obese older adults.
We studied the relationships among strength, muscle mass, and bone mineral density (BMD) with lifestyle change. Lifestyle therapy consisted of exercise, diet, and diet plus exercise. Diet was by caloric restriction to induce and maintain a weight loss of 10 % from baseline body weight. Exercise attenuated weight loss-induced muscle and bone losses. Exercise improved strength despite muscle loss in patients on diet and exercise. Changes in strength did not correlate with changes in BMD. However, changes in thigh muscle volume correlated with, and predicted changes in hip BMD. ⋯ Changes in thigh muscle volume predict hip BMD changes in obese older patients undergoing lifestyle therapy. The effect of exercise in attenuating thigh muscle loss when added to diet may in part account for the reduction in weight loss-induced bone loss in the diet-exercise group.
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Observational Study
What determines health-related quality of life in hip fracture patients at the end of acute care?--a prospective observational study.
Hip fractures are associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HrQoL). We found pre-existing need of care or limited function, cognitive impairment, and depression to be independent factors associated with lower HrQoL during the postsurgical period. In contrast, joint replacement was associated with better HrQoL compared to internal fixation. Patients' treatment should be focused on functional recovery and treatment of depression. ⋯ Acute care of hip fracture patients should be focused on functional recovery and treatment of depression. When the preferred surgical strategy is unclear, joint replacement should be considered.
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The progression of fractured vertebral collapse is not rare after a conservative treatment of vertebral compression fracture (VCF). Teriparatide has been shown to directly stimulate bone formation and improve bone density, but there is a lack of evidence regarding its use in fracture management. Conservative treatment with short-term teriparatide is effective for decreasing the progression of fractured vertebral body collapse. ⋯ In female patients with single-level osteoporotic VCF at the thoracolumbar junction, short-term teriparatide treatment did not prevent but did decrease the progression of fractured vertebral body collapse.
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Sarcopenia may be diagnosed in the clinic using operational definitions based on low muscle mass or function. This prospective, population-based study revealed that sex-specific associations may exist between operational definitions of sarcopenia and falls in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. ⋯ Sarcopenia prevalence generally increases at a higher rate when assessed using performance-based definitions. Sarcopenia is associated with increases in falls risk over 5 years in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults, but sex-specific differences may exist according to different anthropometric or performance-based definitions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Fracture prevention in patients with cognitive impairment presenting with a hip fracture: secondary analysis of data from the HORIZON Recurrent Fracture Trial.
Patients with cognitive impairment (CI) often do not receive secondary fracture prevention. Use of zoledronic acid led to a similar reduction in re-fracture risk but the survival benefit was limited to those without CI. ⋯ While these results require confirmation, the findings support the use of bisphosphonates in patients with osteoporotic fracture and CI expected to live for more than 6 months.