Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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The Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) is a highly reliable questionnaire for assessing fear of falling in elderly individuals with increased fall risk and has low or no convergent validity with balance performance tests and health-related quality of life (HRQL) among elderly women with osteoporosis, which indicates that both measurements should be included as they are measuring different components. ⋯ The FES-I seems to be a highly reliable questionnaire for assessing fear of falling in elderly with increased fall risk but has low relation to/convergent validity with balance performance and HRQL among elderly women with osteoporosis.
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We evaluated the influence of long-term HIV infection and its treatment on distal tibia and radius microstructure. Premenopausal eumenorrheic HIV-positive women displayed trabecular and cortical microstructure alterations, which could contribute to increased bone fragility in those patients. ⋯ Compared with HIV-ve subjects, premenopausal HIV+ve treated women had trabecular and cortical bone alterations. Adjusted analysis revealed that HIV status was the only determinant of between group tibia trabecular density differences. The latter could contribute to increased bone fragility in HIV+ve patients.
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Multicenter Study
Women with previous fragility fractures can be classified based on bone microarchitecture and finite element analysis measured with HR-pQCT.
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) measurements of distal radius and tibia bone microarchitecture and finite element (FE) estimates of bone strength performed well at classifying postmenopausal women with and without previous fracture. The HR-pQCT measurements outperformed dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at classifying forearm fractures and fractures at other skeletal sites. ⋯ Models based on HR-pQCT measurements of bone microarchitecture and estimates of bone strength performed better than DXA-derived aBMD at classifying women with and without prior fracture. In future, these models may improve prediction of individuals at risk of low-trauma fracture.
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We determined the current trend in the number and incidence of hip fracture among persons 50 years of age or older in Finland between 1970 and 2010. After a clear rise until the late 1990s, the incidence of hip fracture has continuously declined. ⋯ The declining trend in the incidence of hip fracture in Finland has continued through the entire first decade of the new millennium. Reasons for this development are uncertain, but possible explanations include increased average body weight, improved functional ability among elderly Finns, and specific measures to prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of falling.
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Review
Prognostic value of cardiac troponins in elderly patients with hip fracture--a systematic review.
Cardiac troponins can be elevated in cardiac ischemic conditions or other diseases such as pulmonary embolism or renal failure, where they may predict outcome. We hypothesized that cardiac troponins offer useful prognostic information regarding morbidity and mortality in elderly hip fracture patients undergoing surgical therapy. A literature review was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL plus with full text (EBSCOhost). ⋯ Increased age, male sex, and higher American Society of Anaesthesiologists score were also associated with mortality. Elevated troponin can be used as a marker of increased morbidity/mortality in elderly hip fracture patients undergoing surgery, as hypothesized, even in the absence of cardiac complications. Perioperative troponin evaluation may be useful for risk stratification, but further studies are needed to clarify risks and benefits of such testing.