Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
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Comparative Study
Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are associated with an increased risk of secondary vertebral compression fractures: a population-based cohort study.
To better understand the risk of secondary vertebral compression fracture (VCF) following a vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty, we compared patients treated with those procedures to patients with a previous VCF. The risk of subsequent fracture was significantly greater among treatment patients, especially within 90 days of the procedure. ⋯ Patients who had undergone vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty had a greater risk of new VCFs compared to patients with prior VCFs who did not undergo either procedure.
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A QCT-based nonlinear FEM was used to assess vertebral strength and mechanical parameters in postmenopausal women. It had higher discriminatory power for vertebral fracture than aBMD and vBMD. Alendronate effects were detected at 3 months, and marked bone density increases were noted in juxta-cortical areas compared to inner trabecular areas. ⋯ QCT/FEM had higher discriminatory power for vertebral fracture than BMD and detected alendronate effects at 3 months. Alendronate altered density distributions, thereby decreasing the area with a high fracture risk, resulting in increased vertebral strength.
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Multicenter Study
Weight and body mass index predict bone mineral density and fractures in women aged 40 to 59 years.
Weight and body mass index are associated with low bone mineral density and fractures in older women. This retrospective cohort study confirms a similar relationship in women aged 40 to 59 years. ⋯ Low weight and BMI predict osteoporosis and are associated with increased fracture risk in younger women. The negative impact of low body weight on bone health should be more widely recognized.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effects of a long-term vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls and parameters of muscle function in community-dwelling older individuals.
In 242 community-dwelling seniors, supplementation with either 1000 mg of calcium or 1000 mg of calcium plus vitamin D resulted in a decrease in the number of subjects with first falls of 27% at month 12 and 39% at month 20. Additionally, parameters of muscle function improved significantly. ⋯ Combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation proved superior to calcium alone in reducing the number of falls and improving muscle function in community-dwelling older individuals.
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Comparative Study
Relative survival after hospitalisation for hip fracture in older people in New South Wales, Australia.
Survival after hospitalisation for hip fracture by age group and sex relative to survival in the general population was assessed in people aged 65+. Men had double the risk of death compared with women to 1 year, but age effects lasted only to 3 months. Clinical outcomes need to be improved. ⋯ There is a need to reduce the number of hip fractures and improve clinical outcomes for older people hospitalised with hip fractures.