Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
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Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand · Jan 2009
Multicenter StudyIncidence and outcomes of dystocia in the active phase of labor in term nulliparous women with spontaneous labor onset.
To estimate the incidence of dystocia among nulliparous women without apparent co-morbidity and to examine maternal and fetal short-term outcomes after dystocia. ⋯ A dystocia incidence of 37% was found in healthy term nulliparas with no indication for induction or elective cesarean delivery. The adverse maternal and neonatal birth outcomes may be related to the cause of dystocia or to augmentation of labor and this question calls for further studies.
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Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand · Jan 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialEffectiveness of subcutaneous injection of sterile water to the lower back for pain relief in labor.
The analgesic efficacy of subcutaneous injection of sterile water compared to isotonic saline was investigated in a randomized, controlled study on a total of 100 women in the active phase of labor and who complained of low back pain. Pain perception was rated on a numerical rating scale before and at 10 and 45 minutes after the injection. The initial pain score was the same in both groups and pain relief was expressed by both groups irrespective of the solution injected, but the sterile water group had significantly higher relief scores compared to those receiving saline. This was not influenced by maternal age, parity, education, body mass index, cervical dilatation at intervention or fetal size, suggesting that subcutaneous injection of sterile water to the lower back provides relief from back pain during labor.
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Maternal lifestyle factors are potential predictors of pregnancy complications. We examined relations between modifiable factors and delivery complications. ⋯ Pre-gestational physical inactivity increased the risk of perineal lacerations and male infants were associated with higher risk of vaginal operative delivery.
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Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand · Jan 2009
The estimated risk of miscarriage should be corrected for induced abortion rates.
We wanted to study to what extent induced abortion rates influence the age-dependent estimates of miscarriage risk. ⋯ Estimates of age-dependent risk of miscarriage may be strongly influenced by induced abortion rates.
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Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand · Jan 2009
Gendered patterns of high violence exposure among Swedish youth.
The WHO describes violence as a global public health problem. In contrast to domestic violence, violence against youth has been little explored. Our aims were to investigate the prevalence and gender differences in relation to emotional, physical and sexual abuse among young men and women attending youth health centers in Sweden, the current adverse effects of the abuse and the perpetrators of the abuse. ⋯ The exposure to violence among young people is alarming and presents prominent gender differences, and should be taken into serious consideration as it is a matter of health, democracy and human rights.