Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral
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Multicenter Study
Prevalence and costs of malnutrition in hospitalized patients; the PREDyCES Study.
The main objective of the PREDyCES study was twofold. First, to analyse the prevalence of hospital malnutrition in Spain, both at admission and at discharge, and second, to estimate the hospital costs associated with disease-related malnutrition. ⋯ In Spanish hospitals, almost one in four patients is malnourished. This condition is associated with increased length of hospital stay and associated costs, especially in patients developing malnutrition during hospitalization. Systematic screening for malnutrition should be generalised in order to implement nutritional interventions with well-known effectiveness.
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To analyse the relationship between the presence of malnutrition (MN), as measured by the NRS-2002 nutritional evaluation, and the rate of morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Malnutrition affects more than half of the patients who are admitted to a medium-long admission hospital and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The results underscore the need to establish an update plan and preventative and therapeutic nutritional follow-up. These measures reduce the rate of avoidable complications and save the costs associated with them.
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In a preceding article the state of Nutritional support (NS) in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) was documented [Martinuzzi A et al. Estado del soporte nutricional en una unidad de Cuidados críticos. RNC 2011; 20: 5-17]. In this follow-up work we set to assess the impact of several organizational, recording and educational interventions upon the current state of NS processes. ⋯ Educational, recording and organizational interventions might result in a better conduction of NS processes, and thus, in a lower mortality. Hemodynamic instability is still the most formidable obstacle for initiating and completing NS.
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Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease that affects women in fertile age and presents a systemic progressive evolution, being the lung and the mediastinic lymph nodes the most affected organs. The pulmonary disease is characterized by dyspnea, pleural effusion, hemoptysis and spontaneous pneumothorax, being the chylothorax a frequent complication in the course of this disease, appearing in up to 30% of cases. The treatment of chylothorax is not standardized and it is necessary a multidisciplinary approach: nutritional, pharmacological, respiratory and even surgery. These patients present high risk of malnutrition due to the constant loss of chyle, therefore a suitable nutritional management is essential to avoid more complications.
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Case Reports
[Alcoholic ketoacidosis and reversible neurological complications due to hypophosphataemia].
A 57-year-old man with chronic alcoholism was admitted to our hospital due to disturbance of consciousness and polyradiculitis. Laboratory examination revealed metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia and hypophosphataemia. Alcoholic ketoacidosis is a common disorder in alcoholic patients. ⋯ The greatest threats to patients are: hypovolemia, hypokaliemia, hypoglucemia and acidosis. Alcohol abuse may result in a wide range of electrolyte and acid-base disorders including hypophosphataemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis. Disturbance of consciousness in alcoholic patients is observed in several disorders, such drunkenness, Wernicke encephalopathy, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, central pontine myelinolysis, hepatic encephalopathy, hypoglucemia and electrolyte disorders.