Nutrición hospitalaria : organo oficial de la Sociedad Española de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral
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Comparative Study
[Nutritional score risk for mortality in critically ill patients (NSRR: Nutritional Score Risk Research)].
The aim of our study has been applying a nutritional score risk to mortality in a group of patients who are in the Intensive Care Unit with or without previous disease. ⋯ Patients with a high NSR at admittion to the intensive care unit for acute pathology are under risk to mortality by nutritional risk.
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Response of the burned patient to surgical medical treatment might depend not only upon the damages brought about by thermal aggression, namely, increased metabolic requirements, onset of the Systemic Inflamatory Response Syndrome, and microbial infections, but also the cultural practices embedded within nutritional care institutional processes. ⋯ This work is the first enquiry into the behaviour of the institution's Burn Service, in anticipation of the design and implementation of a medical care Continuous Quality Improvement Program. In spite of the current state of nutritional care processes completeness, their observance might favorably influence the Service's effectiveness indicators.
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Review Comparative Study
[Nutritional management of the patient after surgery of the biliary tract and pancreas].
A big proportion of patients with biliary and pancreatic surgery present preoperative malnourishment aggravated by perioperative fasting and additional therapies. Surgery of the pancreas and the biliary tract may cause digestive impairments, mainly absorptive, especially with fat malabsorption. Many studies have shown the usefulness of nutritional support in gastrointestinal surgery. ⋯ Immunonutrition seems to improve the outcomes, and the best infusion might be cyclic. According to a survey carried out among the Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery units in Spain, nowadays the most frequently used support regimen in biliary and pancreatic surgery is PNT, switching to oral feeding within 4-6 days. Enteral nutrition is seldom used.
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To determine the frequency of malnutrition among hospitalized patients and to relate nutrition status with body mass index, fasting time, adequacy intake of protein and energy during hospitalization and length of stay. METHODS (STUDY POPULATION, SUBJECTS, INTERVENTION): We evaluated weight loss in the last 6 months prior to admission, body mass index (BMI), ideal and usual body weight percentages, days of hospitalization, energy and protein intake adequacy, fasting days and cause in hospitalized patients at different wards at Hospital General de Mexico. Patients were divided into groups according to their nutritional status (at risk/with malnutrition or normal) and data was assessed descriptively and comparatively by t-tests to determine mean differences. ⋯ Malnutrition is common in hospitalized patients. An important factor in hospital malnutrition is the lack of compliance in the patient's requirements, preventing a fast recovery and increasing their length of stay. Thus, it is important to make changes and improvements in the institutional health system so that there is trained personnel in order to provide and adequate nutrition care attention to the critically ill patient, improving their condition and general prognosis.
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The population older than 60 years in Mexico is growing changing the classic pyramidal demographic structure. This fact is increasing the risk of malnutrition in the elderly, specially under nutrition which is a common problem among elderly people living at home and during hospitalizations, condition that is closely related to the increasing of morbidity, mortality and costs. ⋯ Malnutrition is a common problem in elderly population at hospital admissions according to different methods used. Mini Nutritional Assessment and Subjective Global Assessment are useful low cost and replicable nutritional evaluation tools in elderly population. Mini Nutritional Assessment could have a better value to predict morbidity and mortality in institutionalized and community elderly subjects.