Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Case Reports
DWI findings of optic nerve ischemia in the setting of central retinal artery occlusion.
A 67-year-old African-American male with untreated hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus presented with sudden, staggering, progressive loss of vision in his left eye over the course of 8 days. Ophthalmologic and fluorescein angiography exams confirmed central retinal artery conclusion, but revealed no embolus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain serendipitously revealed restricted diffusion within the distal left optic nerve, illustrating a more proximal occlusion, which matched the fluorescein angiographic findings. Extensive workup revealed no embolic source, postulating primary hypertension as the underlying etiology.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) cases in Quebec and Europe was reported to show linear hypointensities in T2-weighted and Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) images of the pons. We attempted to clarify the characteristics of the brain MRI findings in ARSACS cases. ⋯ Not only pontine but also middle cerebellar peduncle hypointensity lesions observed in T2-weighted and FLAIR images could be specific findings for ARSACS even in cases with variable clinical phenotypes.
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NF2 is an autosomal dominant disorder with neuroectodermal dysplasia. Most patients present with characteristic clinical tumors during or beyond the adolescent age group. ⋯ Vascular complication as the presenting symptom in NF-2 is unknown. We report a case of a 2-year-old child with no prior family history of neurofibromatosis presenting with ataxia and brain-stem stroke.
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Virtual Histology intravascular ultrasound (VH IVUS) volumetric analysis (analysis of the entire plaque responsible for stenosis) has been used for carotid plaque diagnosis. Knowing the carotid plaque characteristics by analyzing the plaque composition only at the minimum lumen site will facilitate plaque diagnosis using VH IVUS. ⋯ The plaque composition at the minimum lumen site represents the volumetric composition of the entire carotid plaque that causes atherosclerotic cervical carotid artery stenosis.
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Intracranial epidermal cysts are benign uncommon lesions. Such lesions arise from an inclusion of an ectodermal element during neural tube closure, in which dermal elements become trapped in the suture line, diploe, meninges, or scalp. Reports have extensively demonstrated the typical magnetic resonance (MR) spectra with the presence of large lactate signals with a virtual absence of healthy brain metabolites. ⋯ In this report, we describe a case of an epidermal cyst with an unusual metabolic pattern observed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy mimicking a brain abscess.