Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
-
To determine if a voxel-wise "co-analysis" of structural and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) together reveals additional brain regions affected in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) than voxel-wise analysis of the individual MRI modalities alone. ⋯ These results suggest that in corpus callosum and temporal regions macro- and microstructural variations in MCI can be congruent, providing potentially new insight into the mechanisms of brain tissue degeneration.
-
Post-traumatic carotid artery dissection (PTCAD) may result in acute arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). Pediatric PTCAD is rarely diagnosed prior to onset of neurological symptoms. We report on neuroimaging findings in a series of children with PTCAD. ⋯ PTCAD may result from neck and head trauma. To avoid secondary AIS, radiologists should be familiar with neuroimaging findings in children, especially as acute PTCAD may initially be clinically silent. Consequently, pediatric neuroradiologists should actively exclude PTCAD in children with head and neck trauma.
-
The temporal evolution of white matter (WM) changes on MR examinations in hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids (HDLS) is largely unknown. Our purpose was to investigate the evolution of these WM changes with diffusion weighted/tensor imaging (DWI/DTI) and MR Spectroscopy (MRS). ⋯ We describe HDLS changes in three temporal stages of development corresponding to lesions outside, in the vicinity of, and behind a characteristic rim centrifugally progressing from the ventricular horns. The axonal disturbances indicated by MRS changes in the NAWM support a primary axonal degeneration, as proposed in the original HDLS report, rather than axonal degeneration secondary to demyelination. These findings could help in differential diagnosis of HDLS.
-
Case Reports
Early predictive value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in pediatric hypoxic-ischemic injury.
Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) provides information about the intravascular cerebral blood oxygenation level. Deoxyhemoglobin is increased in tissue with increased oxygen extraction fraction. Accordingly, the draining veins in hypoxic-ischemic brain may reveal abnormally low SWI signal. We report on a boy with hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII) after cardiac arrest and the ability of SWI to depict areas of HII by focusing on the venous cerebral drainage.
-
Ectopic bone marrow production, known as extramedullary hematopoiesis, may result in symptoms due to compression on normal structures. We present the multimodality imaging findings and subsequent management of a rare case of symptomatic extramedullary hematopoiesis within the calvarium. ⋯ In summary, extramedullary hematopoiesis is a hematologic compensatory disorder that rarely occurs within the CNS and may cause neurological compromise due to compression on underlying structures. The diagnosis can be made with noninvasive imaging and treated with low dose radiation therapy.