Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Computational models have been investigated for the analysis of the physiopathology and morphology of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in recent years. Special emphasis has been given to image fusion in multimodal imaging and 3-dimensional rendering of the AVM, with the aim to improve the visualization of the lesion (for diagnostic purposes) and the selection of the nidus (for therapeutic aims, like the selection of the region of interest for the gamma knife radiosurgery plan). ⋯ Computational modeling in the AVM field offers promising tools of analysis and requires a strict collaboration among neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists, clinicians, computer scientists, and engineers. We present here some updated state-of-the-art exemplary cases in the field, focusing on recent neuroimaging computational modeling with clinical relevance, which might offer useful clinical tools for the management of AVMs in the future.
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Review Case Reports
Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with PiB Positive Pet Scans: Clinical Features and Prognosis.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has been reported to present as convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH). Lesser known is that cSAH can herald intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic lesions. We present seven new cases with (11) C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positive positron emission tomography (PET) scans including two with biopsy, review the literature and comment on clinical and radiological findings. ⋯ The finding of cSAH and PiB binding in our patients suggest underlying CAA. cSAH may be associated with ischemic lesion as well as future ICH occurrence.
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Comparative Study
Hippocampal surface deformation accuracy in T1-weighted volumetric MRI sequences in subjects with epilepsy.
To demonstrate the accuracy across different acquisition and analysis methods, we evaluated the variability in hippocampal volumetric and surface displacement measurements resulting from two different MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) acquisition protocols. ⋯ Statistical comparison of hippocampal volumes and statistically thresholded HDM-LD surfaces in TLE patients showed no differences between the segmentations obtained in the two MRI acquisition sequences. This validates the robustness across MRI sequences of the HDM-LD technique for estimating volume and surface changes in subjects with epilepsy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Hypophosphatemia is Associated with the Serial Administration of Triple-Dose Gadolinium to Patients for Brain MRI.
The purpose of this study is to report a metabolic abnormality associated with frequent, triple-dose Gadolinium (TdGd) use in MS patients during BECOME trial. ⋯ Serial TdGd in MS patients, unrelated to immunomodulatory treatment, was associated with increased frequency of hypophosphatemia that progressed with cumulative triple-dose and markedly decreased in second year, with less frequent triple-dose administration.
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Pediatric spinal trauma is unique. The developing pediatric spinal column and spinal cord deal with direct impact and indirect acceleration/deceleration or shear forces very different compared to adult patients. In addition children are exposed to different kind of traumas. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive for disco-ligamentous and spinal cord injuries. Depending on the clinical presentation and timing of trauma the various imaging modalities will be employed. In the current review article, a summary of the epidemiology and distribution of posttraumatic lesions is discussed in the context of the normal anatomical variations due to progressing development of the child.