Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Computational models have been investigated for the analysis of the physiopathology and morphology of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in recent years. Special emphasis has been given to image fusion in multimodal imaging and 3-dimensional rendering of the AVM, with the aim to improve the visualization of the lesion (for diagnostic purposes) and the selection of the nidus (for therapeutic aims, like the selection of the region of interest for the gamma knife radiosurgery plan). ⋯ Computational modeling in the AVM field offers promising tools of analysis and requires a strict collaboration among neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists, clinicians, computer scientists, and engineers. We present here some updated state-of-the-art exemplary cases in the field, focusing on recent neuroimaging computational modeling with clinical relevance, which might offer useful clinical tools for the management of AVMs in the future.
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Review Case Reports
Chiasmatic-hypothalamic masses in adults: a case series and review of the literature.
Chiasmatic-hypothalamic masses are commonly seen in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 and often demonstrate a benign clinical course. These masses are, however, rare in adults and require tissue sampling for diagnosis. Here, we present four cases of chiasmatic-hypothalamic masses in adults with pathologically proven diagnoses. We also provide a review of the literature and propose a limited differential in this age group.
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Review Case Reports
Convexity Subarachnoid Hemorrhage with PiB Positive Pet Scans: Clinical Features and Prognosis.
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has been reported to present as convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage (cSAH). Lesser known is that cSAH can herald intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic lesions. We present seven new cases with (11) C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positive positron emission tomography (PET) scans including two with biopsy, review the literature and comment on clinical and radiological findings. ⋯ The finding of cSAH and PiB binding in our patients suggest underlying CAA. cSAH may be associated with ischemic lesion as well as future ICH occurrence.
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Pediatric spinal trauma is unique. The developing pediatric spinal column and spinal cord deal with direct impact and indirect acceleration/deceleration or shear forces very different compared to adult patients. In addition children are exposed to different kind of traumas. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive for disco-ligamentous and spinal cord injuries. Depending on the clinical presentation and timing of trauma the various imaging modalities will be employed. In the current review article, a summary of the epidemiology and distribution of posttraumatic lesions is discussed in the context of the normal anatomical variations due to progressing development of the child.