Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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There is evidence of a relationship between promyelinating proteins and clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) activity during clinical relapse or recovery from clinical relapses. We examined the linkage between promyelinating biomarkers and volumetric changes in MS subjects during serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Increased N-CAM levels may be related to repair or remyelination following injury to the brain as shown by increased T1 volumes. Our data suggest an early kind of blood signaling that induces release of peripheral BDNF levels.
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While AD can be definitively confirmed by postmortem histopathologic examination, in vivo imaging may improve the clinician's ability to identify AD at the earliest stage. The aim of the study was to test the performance of amyloid PET using new processing imaging algorithm for more precise diagnosis of AD. ⋯ Amyloid PET using SPM-normalized SUVR analysis showed high predictive power for the differential diagnosis of AD.
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The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in several cognitive processes including executive function. Degenerative changes of ACC are consistently seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, volumetric changes specific to the ACC in AD are not clear because of the difficulty in segmenting this region. The objectives of the current study were to develop a precise and high-throughput approach for measuring ACC volumes and to correlate the relationship between ACC volume and cognitive function in AD. ⋯ Our results indicate that the proposed semiautomated segmentation protocol is reliable for determining ACC volume in neurodegenerative conditions including AD.
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There is a lack of consensus in the literature as to which body habitus parameter most influences nerve cross-sectional area (CSA). This study was specifically designed to determine if height or weight is more influential. ⋯ Weight was found to be the body habitus parameter that most influences nerve CSA. This will inform clinicians when using nerve imaging to evaluate participants at either extreme of weight.
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Assessment of the effects of microgravity on astronauts' brains using microstructural measures by utilizing quantitative MRI, before and after spaceflight would help understand the structural changes. ⋯ Gray and white matter alterations are detected by quantitative MRI before and after space flight. Our findings may be used to understand the neuroanatomical mechanisms of possible brain dysfunction or neuroplasticity in microgravity condition in the future studies.