Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Previous literature has demonstrated disparity in the postoperative recovery of first and second language function of bilingual neurosurgical patients. However, it is unclear to whether preoperative brain mapping of both languages is needed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of language task functional MRI (fMRI) implemented in both languages in bilingual patients. ⋯ Bilingual fMRI mapping of bilingual patients allows to better appreciate functionally active language areas that may be neglected in single language mapping. Utility of bilingual mapping was supported by changes in both surgical approach and LI measurements, suggesting its benefit on preoperative language mapping.
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Myelin water imaging (MWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provide information about myelin and axon-related brain microstructure, which can be useful for investigating normal brain development and many childhood brain disorders. While pediatric DTI atlases exist, there are no pediatric MWI atlases available for the 9-10 years old age group. As myelination and structural development occurs throughout childhood and adolescence, studies of pediatric brain pathologies must use age-specific MWI and DTI healthy control data. We created atlases of myelin water fraction (MWF) and DTI metrics for healthy children aged 9-10 years for use as normative data in pediatric neuroimaging studies. ⋯ Normative MWF and DTI metrics from a group of 9-10 year old healthy children provide a resource for comparison to pathologies. The age-specific atlases are ready for use in pediatric neuroimaging research and can be accessed: https://sourceforge.net/projects/pediatric-mri-myelin-diffusion/.
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Cerebral vasodilatory capacity assessment for risk stratification in patients with extracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion may be useful. We describe a new method that assesses cerebral vasodilatory capacity as part of catheter-based cerebral angiography. ⋯ Selective vasodilatory response to intra-arterial nicardipine in the affected arterial distribution during catheter-based cerebral angiography may provide new data for risk stratification.
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The advent of high and ultra-high-field MRI has significantly improved the investigation of infratentorial structures by providing high-resolution images. However, none of the publicly available methods for cerebellar image analysis has been optimized for high-resolution images yet. ⋯ SUITer provides accurate segmentations of infratentorial structures across different resolutions and MR fields.
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We aimed to study the yield of PET in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) by analyzing the correlation of PET findings with MRI, and interictal and ictal EEG findings, in a single-center cohort of patients with TLE. Predictors of PET thalamic changes and its role in predicting postsurgical outcome were also studied. ⋯ This study underscores the utility of PET in localizing ictal foci in TLE patients even in those with normal MRI. The degree of PET hypometabolism corresponds to presence of MRI pathology. Coexistent thalamic hypometabolism with temporal hypometabolism suggests a secondary effect of distant temporal network disruption. Extratemporal metabolism is a predictor of poor postsurgical seizure outcome in TLE patients.