Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America
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Approximately 2 million sports and recreation concussive injuries occur per year in the United States, which may be an underestimate because of inconsistent data reporting. The field of concussion management has evolved rapidly over the last 10 years, and with these advances comes new understanding of the significant symptomatic and cognitive impairments of concussion. ⋯ Data have emerged regarding pathophysiology of concussion, risk factors, outcome, effects of repetitive injury, subtypes of concussive injury, and treatment protocols. This evidence calls for more conservative management of concussion, particularly in younger athletes, and demonstrates the shortcomings of concussion guidelines.
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Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am · May 2008
ReviewRole of the adolescent preparticipation physical examination.
With the exception of Rhode Island, all states require high school athletes to undergo a preparticipation examination. These examinations may vary from state to state, however. This article covers the basics of the history, physical examination, special tests, and issues surrounding clearance for various diagnoses.
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Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am · May 2008
ReviewCommon injuries of the foot and ankle in the child and adolescent athlete.
A myriad problems in the foot and ankle are specific to child and adolescent athletes. The anatomy of young athletes with respect to the presence of a growth plate makes their injury patterns different from those seen in adults. The main general injury patterns seen in the feet and ankles of children are related to growth and development or occur from overuse syndromes or acute trauma. In this article we outline in an anatomically oriented manner most of the common problems in this population.