Physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics of North America
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Concussion associated with sport is a common occurrence with an estimated 1.6 to 3.8 million sports-related concussions yearly in the United States. The sideline assessment of concussion focuses on four areas: cognitive ability, balance, associated symptoms, and visual tracking. ⋯ Some of these tools are validated and reliable and some are developing and have yet to be proven to be sensitive enough for routine use. These tools along with a thorough history and physical examination enable a sideline physician to accurately diagnose concussion.
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In this review, we discuss the literature regarding both concussion and mild traumatic brain injury. We focus on the role for neuroimaging in the concussed patient and describe the recommended practices related to imaging in concussion. This discussion first focuses on the exclusion of severe injuries and is followed by a discussion of the potential utility of various advanced imaging techniques in research and clinical practice.