Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Jan 1997
ReviewA critical review of genetic studies of schizophrenia. I. Epidemiological and brain studies.
Family, twin and adoption studies suggest that susceptibility to schizophrenia is based at least to some extent on genes. The results of these studies vary and depend greatly on the diagnostic criteria used. ⋯ According to a large Finnish adoption study, the patient-family interaction has an even more important role in the origin of schizophrenia than purely genetic factors. Interaction between the genetic factors on the one hand and physical, psychological and psychosocial factors on the other hand is emphasized.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Jan 1997
Psychosocial factors and completed suicide in personality disorders.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between personality disorders (PD) and various psychosocial factors in a random sample (n = 229) of suicides with psychological autopsy-based DSM-III-R diagnoses representing the total 1-year suicide population in Finland. Background social factors and social interaction factors for 56 suicide victims with a PD diagnosis were compared with those of 56 age- and sex-matched non-PD diagnosis victims. The groups were similar with regard to marital status, socio-economic status, parental divorce, broken home before the age of 16 years, parental suicide attempts, and proportion of subjects living with parents. ⋯ Although the groups did not differ with regard to complaints of loneliness before suicide, the lonely PD suicide victims had experienced more interpersonal loss and/or conflict than the lonely non-PD suicide victims. The PD suicide victims were very similar with regard to psychosocial factors, irrespective of sex, age, Axis-I comorbidity, or the cluster type of the PD. Only living alone was more common in young PD suicide victims, and male PD subjects had less often had confidants or friends with whom they shared common interests.