Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · May 2017
Review Comparative StudyThe mortality rate of electroconvulsive therapy: a systematic review and pooled analysis.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains underutilized because of fears of cognitive and medical risks, including the risk of death. In this study, we aimed to assess the mortality rate of ECT by means of a systematic review and pooled analysis. ⋯ The ECT-related mortality rate was estimated at 2.1 per 100 000 treatments. In comparison, a recent analysis of the mortality of general anesthesia in relation to surgical procedures reported a mortality rate of 3.4 per 100 000. Our findings document that death caused by ECT is an extremely rare event.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Feb 2017
Risk of psychiatric disorders, self-harm behaviour and service use associated with bariatric surgery.
To investigate psychiatric outcomes after bariatric surgery, including suicide, self-harm, psychiatric service use and substance misuse. ⋯ Our study shows that undergoing bariatric surgery is associated with increases in self-harm, psychiatric service use and occurrence of mental disorders.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Dec 2016
Physical activity and depression: a large cross-sectional, population-based study across 36 low- and middle-income countries.
Physical activity (PA) is good for health, yet several small-scale studies have suggested that depression is associated with low PA. A paucity of nationally representative studies investigating this relationship exists, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study explored the global association of PA with depression and its mediating factors. ⋯ Individuals with depression engage in lower levels of PA in LMICs. Future longitudinal research is warranted to better understand the relationships observed.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Aug 2016
ReviewAreas of controversy in neuroprogression in bipolar disorder.
We aimed to review clinical features and biological underpinnings related to neuroprogression in bipolar disorder (BD). Also, we discussed areas of controversy and future research in the field. ⋯ Illness trajectories are largely variable, and illness progression is not a general rule in BD. The number of manic episodes seems to be the clinical marker more robustly associated with neuroprogression in BD. However, the majority of the evidence came from cross-sectional studies that are prone to bias. Longitudinal studies may help to identify signatures of neuroprogression and integrate findings from the field of neuroimaging, neurocognition, and biomarkers.
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Acta Psychiatr Scand · Jul 2016
Comparative StudySimilar white matter but opposite grey matter changes in schizophrenia and high-functioning autism.
High-functioning autism (HFA) and schizophrenia (SZ) are two of the main neurodevelopmental disorders, sharing several clinical dimensions and risk factors. Their exact relationship is poorly understood, and few studies have directly compared both disorders. Our aim was thus to directly compare neuroanatomy of HFA and SZ using a multimodal MRI design. ⋯ HFA and SZ may share common white matter deficits in long-range connections involved in social functions, but opposite grey matter abnormalities in frontal regions that subserve complex cognitive functions. Our results are consistent with the fronto-occipital underconnectivity theory of HFA and the altered connectivity hypothesis of SZ and suggest the existence of both associated and diametrical liabilities to these two conditions.