Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Jun 2009
Multicenter Study Controlled Clinical TrialLong-term safety and efficacy of guanfacine extended release in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
Short-term, controlled studies of extended-release guanfacine (GXR), a selective alpha(2A)-adrenoreceptor agonist, demonstrate efficacy in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms as monotherapy. This 2-year open-label study was conducted to further assess the long-term safety and efficacy of GXR. ⋯ Overall, these data support that GXR monotherapy is generally safe and effective for treating ADHD.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Dec 2008
Neurochemical alterations in adolescent bipolar depression: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy pilot study of the prefrontal cortex.
Identifying neurochemical alterations in adolescent bipolar depression may enhance our understanding of the neurophysiology of bipolar disorder across the age spectrum. The objective of this study was to compare in vivo neurometabolite concentrations in bipolar adolescents with a depressed episode and healthy adolescents using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS). ⋯ There may be localized alterations in brain neurometabolites in adolescents with bipolar depression. Limitations include lack of bipolar adolescents in other mood states and potential confounding effects of prior psychotropic medication use. Confirmatory (1)H MRS studies in larger samples of youths with bipolar depression are needed.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Jun 2007
Methylphenidate-induced orofacial and extremity dyskinesia.
In this paper, we report the case of a 6(1/2)-year-old male patient diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who developed orofacial and extremity dyskinesias immediately after methylphenidate treatment. The episode lasted 5 hours, peaking in intensity 2 hours after the medication was administered before gradually subsiding. ⋯ The potential relationship between methylphenidate intake and the development of dyskinesia calls into question different mechanisms involving drug-receptor interaction or individual drug sensitivity related to a lower IQ. Our case report has practical implications for physicians by raising their awareness of dyskinesia as a potential side effect of methylphenidate treatment.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Feb 2007
Case ReportsDuloxetine treatment of pediatric chronic pain and co-morbid major depressive disorder.
In the United States, the novel compound duloxetine has been approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in the adult population. There are currently no published data on the use of duloxetine in children and adolescents. This report describes the successful treatment of 2 adolescent females with chronic pain and co-morbid MDD. ⋯ In both cases, duloxetine provided rapid improvement in the experience of pain, as well as mood symptoms, at minimum dosages. Pain symptom reduction and restoration of a euthymic state was maintained at 4- and 3-month follow-up visits, respectively, with minimal to no adverse effects being reported. These cases present preliminary evidence of promising uses for duloxetine in the pediatric population.
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J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol · Dec 2006
Comparative StudyA naturalistic evaluation of intramuscular ziprasidone versus intramuscular olanzapine for the management of acute agitation and aggression in children and adolescents.
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of intramuscular ziprasidone versus intramuscular (i.m.) olanzapine in treating aggression in youth. ⋯ The results suggest i.m. ziprasidone and intramuscular olanzapine may be equally effective in treating aggression in youth. These agents may also be similar with regard to safety because no clinically significant adverse events were reported for either treatment group. The possibility of poor documentation of adverse events and side effects prevents formulating definitive conclusions regarding safety from this study.