The Journal of veterinary medical science
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Effect of isoflurane anesthesia on hemodynamics following the administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in cats.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamics of the anesthetic isoflurane in healthy cats given angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI). The 7 healthy young cats and 3 old cats were received placebo or enalapril 0.5 mg/kg orally. The change in systolic arterial pressure from the baseline to 30 min postanesthesia in the ACEI group was significantly higher than in the placebo group (mean +/- SD: -39 +/- 13% vs. -17 +/- 12%, respectively). The present study indicated that general anesthesia may induce hypotension after the administration of an ACEI.
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Ichthyosis (fish scale disease) is a rare hereditary disease and characterized by excessive cutaneous scale formation. A male HanWoo calf born by natural service was found with fissures and thickened, scaly, cutaneous plates covering over 90% of its body. ⋯ The calf had small malformed ears, ectropion, eclabium and an abnormal nose. Gross and histopathologic findings in calf were consistent with those of harlequin ichthyosis, and it was the first observed harlequin ichthyosis in HanWoo cattle.
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In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that vasopressin administration prior to crystalloid resuscitation can be used to improve hemodynamic and oxygen delivery functions. Hemorrhagic shock was experimentally induced by maintaining mean arterial pressure at 60 mmHg for 30 min in sixteen healthy dogs weighing from 8 to 10.6 kg. Vasopressin was administered and then volume resuscitation was performed for the 6 dogs of V-C group, while vasopressin was administered at the end of volume resuscitation in the 5 dogs of C-V group. ⋯ Diastolic pressure and systemic vascular resistance was significantly lower in the V-C group than those in the C-V and control groups (P<0.05). In the V-C group, there was effective and rapid restoration of the SAP, CO, PCWP, and oxygen delivery parameters after treatment. This study indicates that vasopressin administration before crystalloid resuscitation is a more efficient way of improving hemodynamic and oxygen delivery functions in hemorrhagic shock in dogs.
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Case Reports
Palliative intravenous cisplatin treatment for concurrent peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma in a dog.
A 10-year-old Maltese dog was presented with abdominal distention and dyspnea. Cytological examination of pleural and peritoneal effusion was suggestive of malignant effusion of glandular origin. Numerous, multifocal, tan to white nodules were disseminated throughout the surface of the abdominal organs and peritoneum at biopsy. ⋯ Intravenous administration of cisplatin was chosen as the treatment. During treatment, the dog's overall body condition improved and the clinical signs were relieved without significant side effects. The survival time from diagnosis to sudden death by unknown cause was 153 days.
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Hemodynamic characteristics of vasopressin in dogs with severe hemorrhagic shock.
The effect of vasopressin was compared with that of the established vasopressor epinephrine in experimentally induced hemorrhagic shock. After rapid crystalloid resuscitation in a ratio of three volumes of 0.9% saline to one volume of blood (3:1 crystalloid resuscitation), six dogs were given 0.4 IU/kg vasopressin and another six dogs were given 0.1 mg/kg epinephrine. Five dogs in the control group were given fluid resuscitation in the same manner as above without administration of any drugs. ⋯ In addition, epinephrine did not affect the cardiac index (CI) and SVRI, while a significant decrease in CI and increase in SVRI were observed in vasopressin group. The pressor effect of epinephrine in the vascular system was abrupt and only lasted a short period of time (within 5 min), while that of vasopressin was steady and lasted for more than 1 hr, especially regard to in DAP. When compared with epinephrine, vasopressin can be a more effective and safer choice in patients with severe hemorrhagic shock.