Obesity surgery
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Swedish adjustable gastric banding (SAGB) is a common weight loss procedure performed worldwide. The exact mechanism by which it achieves appetite suppression, and hence weight loss, is not clear. One possible mechanism is altered meal handling by the post-SAGB stomach. ⋯ There is no evidence of differences in volume-dependent gastric emptying between the normal and post-SAGB stomach. Further investigation of the phenomenon of esophageal retention, and its role in post-SAGB satiety, is warranted.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of noninvasive blood pressure measurement on the wrist with invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
In morbidly obese patients, oscillometric blood pressure measurements with an upper-arm cuff are often difficult to perform. The alternative method, invasive blood pressure monitoring, can be difficult to place and is associated with risks. A wrist-mounted blood pressure-monitoring device, the Vasotrac, provides accurate blood pressure measurements in lean patients. Even in the obese, wrist morphology remains relatively unchanged. We thus assessed the degree to which blood pressure measurements with the Vasotrac on the wrist and cuff measurements agree with invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring. ⋯ The Vasotrac was more comfortable than an oscillometric device. Although the average accuracy was good, individual mean Vasotrac and noninvasive blood pressure pressures often differed considerably from arterial values. These results suggest that the Vasotrac monitor should not be substituted for an arterial catheter in super-obese patients.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus being one of the most prevalent diseases in the world has led to a variety of research using animal models. This review focuses on various rat models to study the effect that surgical procedures have on type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Rat models can be classified as Obese Diabetic, Non-Obese Diabetic, Obese Non-Diabetic, and Non-Obese Non-Diabetic. Here, we have discussed the particular characteristics of each rat so that it can provide the appropriate model to study different pathological processes involve in type 2 Diabetes and obesity.
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Obesity has been associated with a chronic activation of the acute-phase response. The aims of our study were to investigate whether levels of inflammatory cytokines are higher in obese patients, to evaluate their relationship with metabolic syndrome, and to analyze the effect of moderate weight loss upon their levels. ⋯ Obesity is associated to a chronic inflammatory state that seems to be due to an increased secretion of cytokines, and this state is not related to the presence of metabolic syndrome. Moderate weight loss does not ameliorate this inflammatory state in the short term.