Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie : AINS
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Intubation requirements after rocuronium and succinylcholine].
Rocuronium is a new non-depolarising steroidal muscle relaxant with a short onset time. The present study was undertaken to compare intubating conditions as well as onset and clinical duration of a single dose of 0.6 mg/kg (2 x ED95) with a single dose of 1 mg/kg suxamethonium (3 x ED95). ⋯ At a dosage of 0.6 mg/kg, rocuronium has an onset time of about 3 min and a clinical duration of relaxation of nearly half an hour. These data are supported by various studies, while others show shorter times, probably due to different monitoring techniques. In spite of the pharmacodynamic differences between suxamethonium and rocuronium, the intubating conditions after administration of both compounds are comparable and develop at the same rate.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Oct 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial[Changes in coagulation physiology and rheology after preoperative normovolemic hemodilution].
In a prospective randomised controlled trial the effect of preoperative normovolaemic haemodilution on coagulation, plasma viscosity and plasma protein levels was examined. ⋯ Haemodilution induced decreases in plasma coagulation, platelet count and plasma proteins did not cause any functional impairement and may just reflect dilution of these parameters. It seems that infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 in an amount of 10-20 ml/kgKM/d does not result in a relevant decrease in coagulation parameters.
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Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther · Oct 1996
Case Reports[N2O-induced acute funicular myelosis in latent vitamin B 12 deficiency].
The neurotoxicity of nitrous oxide ("laughing gas") had already been observed in 1956 when using N2O in the long-term sedation of tetanus patients. In 1967 Parbrook described leukopenic effects during long-term exposure to N2O. It was only in 1978 that further studies were conducted on myeloneuropathies and myelodepression under the influence of N2O. ⋯ Two observations must be emphasised when assessing the 10 patients mentioned above: 1. There was no long-term exposure to N2O (> 6 hrs); the periods of anaesthesia were between 1.5 and 3.5 hrs. 2. Vitamin B12 deficiency was not known preoperatively, and there was no marked pernicious anaemia, so that the only pointers to the risk patients were supplied by the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of the blood picture.